158 VETEEINARY TOXICOLOGY 



tulip-like flower, a grass- coloured leaf growing to about 

 12 inches along the ground, and a bulb about the size of 

 a filbert. 



From the accounts given, it is not unlikely that there 

 are some variations in the character of tulp-poisoning 

 according to species and locality. 



In the treatment Bowhill gave large doses of turpentine, 

 linseed oil, and carbolic acid, with hypodermic injection of " 

 1 grain of eserine, and tapping of the distended^ bowel. 

 Williams advised puncture with trocar and canula on both 

 sides, if necessary, and 2 ounces each of turpentine and 

 tincture of opium, with a pint of linseed oil. 



The lesions are those of acute gastro-enteritis, with 

 large ecchymosed patches at the entrance to the pylorus 

 (Bowhill). 



Addendum. 



A. J. Williams, in the same paper {loc. cit.) also refers to 

 two plants only met with in the Karoo district — namely, 

 the sterkos, or pepper-bush, and the ink-bush. The sterkos 

 he describes as a small bush, with the very hot flavour of 

 pepper. It causes acute diarrhoea and abdominal pain, 

 which are treated with chlorodyne and linseed oil. 



The ink-bush causes acute abdominal pain, diarrhoea, 

 intensely injected mucous membranes, quickened pulse and 

 respiration, elevated temperature, and death in six to twelve 

 hours. Acute inflammation extends from the stomach to 

 the rectum, and there is no treatment. 



GRAMINE.S;. 



Of the very large family of the grasses, Lolium temulen- 

 tum, or darnel, is the only species found wild and native to 

 Great Britain which is dangerous. Of exotic grasses, Zea 

 Ttiais, or Indian corn, is grown occasionally, and the young 

 shoots are poisonous. Poisoning by ergotised or diseased 

 rye or other fodders is referable to the parasite, and not 

 to the grass. 



