CHAPTER XII. 

 ALG^, FUNGI, AND LICHENS. 



PROVIDING MATERIALS. 



Algae and Fungi should be gathered in both vegetative and fruiting 

 conditions and preserved in formalin. Many of the fresh-water Algas 

 do vi^ell in glass jars of water kept in a well-lighted place in the labora- 

 tory. Spirogyra and Oedogonium are very amenable to this sort of 

 treatment. Reproductive stages will be found in abundance in early 

 spring and summer. Vaucheria can usually be obtained in greenhouses, 

 growing on flower pots, etc., at any season of the year. Out of doors 

 it should be sought on moist and shady banks near the water's edge ; 

 and when found in good condition to show the method of sexual repro- 

 duction it should be preserved in formalin. One may secure Pleurococcus 

 at any time of the year on the shady side of trees, etc., bread mould and 

 Fungi of a similar character as directed under Observation i6o, and 

 rusts, smuts, and mildews in great abundance at almost any time during 

 the growing season. The last may be preserved either dry, in forma- 

 lin, or in 70% alcohol. Toadstools and their kind can be collected in 

 pastures and open woods at any time during the growing season when 

 the weather is not too dry. Lichens are to be found on trees, old 

 fences, and on rocks at any time. 



OBSERVATIONS. 

 ALG^. 



151. Cut, from the north side of a tree, bark which is 

 covered with a green mealy growth ; moisten with water, 

 and place on wet filter paper under a bell jar for several 

 hours. Observe the character of the growth, first with 

 the naked eye and then with a simple lens. Scrape up 



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