20 Introduction to Botany, 



Flowers borne on stems which are leafy, at least near or at the base, — 



Stems leafy only at the base; flower single and erect. Tulipa VI. 



Stems leafy only at the base; flower single and nodding. Erythronium VII. 



Stem with leaves close to the flower. Trillium VIII. 

 Stem simple and leafy throughout, — 



From a scaly bulb. Lilium IX. 



From a rootstock; flowers in terminal racemes. Smilacina X. 



From a rootstock; flowers axillary. Polygonatum XI. 



I. SMILAX. Greenbrier. 



(An ancient Greek name.) 



Climbing by tendrils from the bases of the petioles. Leaves simple, 

 parallel ribbed, and netted veined. Flowers dioecious in axillary umbels. 

 The greenish or yellowish perianth of 6 distinct, deciduous segments ; 

 anthers apparently i -celled on linear filaments; ovules i or 2 in each 

 of the 3 cells of the ovary. Fruit, a small berry. 



1. Smilax rotundifolla, L. (L., rotundas, round; folium, leaf.) Common 

 Greenbrier. Stems and branches beset with sharp prickles. Leaves broadly 

 ovate or round ovate, 2 to 3 inches long, 5-nerved, abruptly pointed at apex and 

 cordate at base. Peduncles shorter or hardly longer than the petioles. Fruit, a 

 blue-black berry. Woods and thickets. 



2. Smilax Pseudo-China, L. (Gr., pseudos, false.) Stems and branches without 

 prickles, or with very few. Leaves mostly ovate or ovate-oblong, sometimes lobed 

 at the base, acute or cuspidate at the apex, 7-9-nerved. Peduncles 2-4 times the 

 length of the petiole. Umbels 12-40-fiowered. Berries black. Dry or sandy 

 thickets. 



II. ALLIUM. Onion. Garlic. 



(Ancient Latin name of garlic.) 



Leaves and scape rising from a coated bulb ; leaves linear, lanceo- 

 late-oblong, or lanceolate. Flowers white, pink, purple, or greenish, in 

 rather dense terminal umbels, which are subtended by scarious bracts. 

 Plants with the odor of onions. Ovules, 1-2 in each cell. 



1. Allium mut£ibile, Michx. {'L.^mutabilis, changeable.) Wild Onion. Coats 

 of the bulb fibrous reticulated; scape from i to 2 feet tall, pedicels nearly i inch 

 long; divisions of the perianth thin. Moist soil. 



2. Allium Nuttallii, S. Wats. (L. genitive, of Nuttall the botanist.) Bulb as 

 in the above species; scape from 4 to 8 inches tall; pedicels from g to 5 inch long; 

 perianth becoming rigid in the fruit. On prairies. 



