86 Introduction to Botany. 



I. Erigenia bulbosa, Nutf. (L., hulboms, full of bulbs.) Harbinger OS 

 Spring. Stem 3 to 9 inches high with a leaf subtending the general umbel. 

 Petioles sheathing at the base. Pedicels very short in flower. Fruit about ^ inch 

 tall, broader than tall. 



CORNACE.a;. Dogwood Family. 



Shrubs or trees, usually with entire leaves. Flowers perfect, polyga- 

 mous, or dioecious, in cymes or heads. Ovary inferior. Calyx teeth 

 4-5 or wanting. Petals 4-5, sometimes none, inserted at the base of 

 an epigynous disk. Stamens inserted with the petals, and of the same 

 number or more numerous. Ovary 1-2-celled with a single ovule in 

 each cavity. Style i. Fruit a 1-2-celled, 1-2-seeded drupe. 



I. CORNUS. Cornel or Dogwood. 



(L., cornu, horn, from the hardness of the wood.) 



Shrubs or trees, with mostly opposite or verticillate leaves, and small 

 white, greenish, or purple flowers in cymes or involucrate heads. Calyx 

 4-toothed ; petals 4 ; stamens 4. Ovary 2-celIed with i ovule in each 

 cavity. Stone of the drupe 2-celled and 2-seeded. 



1. Comus fl5rida, L. (L., Jloridus, flowery.) ^'lowering Dogwood. A 

 shrub or small tree, with mostly ovate or oval, petioled leaves. Flowers greenish 

 yellow, in heads ; bracts of the involucre \\ to 2| inches long, white or pinkish, 

 emarginate, strongly veined. Fruit ovoid and scarlet, crowned by the persistent 

 calyx. In woods. 



2. Comus circinata, L' Her. (L.,«>««a/Mj, rounded.) RouND-LEAVED COR- 

 NEL or Dogwood. Shrub, 3 to 10 feet high. Branches greenish and warty. 

 Leaves orbicular or very broadly ovate, woolly beneath. Flowers in flat cymes ; 

 fruit blue. In shady and rocky places. 



3. Comus sericea, L. (L., sericeus, silken.) SILKY CORNEL or KlNNIKIN- 

 NIK. A shrub, 3 to 10 feet high, with purplish, pubescent twigs. Leaves narrowly 

 ovate or elliptical, downy beneath. Calyx teeth lanceolate. Cymes flat. Fruit 

 pale blue. Along streams and in damp woods. 



4. Comus asperif61ia, Michx. (L., asper, rough; folium, leaf.) Rough- 

 leaved Cornel or Dogwood. Shrub, 3 to 15 feet high; branches brownish 

 and rough pubescent. Leaves ovate or elliptic, acuminate, downy beneath and 

 rough pubescent above. Calyx teeth minute ; fruit white. In dry soil or exposed 

 hillsides. 



ERICACE.a;. Heath Family. 



Shrubs or perennial herbs. Ovary superior. Calyx and corolla inore 

 or less 4-5-parted or cleft. Stamens usually as many or twice as many 

 as the lobes of the corolla. Anthers usually opening by terminal 

 chinks or pores. Style i ; ovary 3-10-celled. 



