Mesozoic or SECONDARY. Catnozoic or TERTIARY. 
PALEOzoICc or PRIMARY. 
Azotic. 
Paleontology. 
Epochs and Formations. 
POST-PLIOCENE. 
Glacial Period. 
PLIQCENE, 3,000 feet. 
MIOCENE, 4,000 ft. 
OLIGOCENE, &,000 ft 
EOcENE, 10,000 ft. 
163 
Faunal Characters. 
Man. Mammalia principally of living 
species. Mollusca exclusively recent. 
Mammalia principally of recent genera 
—living species rare. Mollusca very 
modern. 
Mammalia principally of living families ; 
extinct genera numerous; species all 
extinct. Mollusca largely of recent 
species. 
Mammalia with numerous extinct fam- 
ilies and orders; all the species and 
most of the genera extinct. Modern 
type Shell-Fish. 
LARAMIE, 4,000 ft. 
Passage Beds. 
CRETACEOUS, 12,000 ft. 
Chalk. 
JURASSIC, 6,000 ft. 
Oolite. 
Lias. 
TRIAS, 5,000 ft. 
New Red Sandstone. 
Dinoegaurian (bird-like) Reptiles ; Ptero- 
dactyls (flying Reptiles); toothed 
Birdy; carliest Snake ; bony Fishes; 
Crocodiles; Turtles; Ammonites. 
Earliest Birds ; giant Rept'les (Ichthyo- 
saurs, Dinosaurs, Pterodactyls); Am- 
monites; Clam-and Snail-Shells very 
abundant; decline of Brachiopods; 
Butterfly. 
First Mammalian (Marsupial) ; 2-gilled 
Cephalopods (Cuttle-Fishes, Belem- 
nites); reptilian Foot-Prints. 
PERMIAN, 5,000 ft. 
CARBONIFELOUS, 
26,000 ft. 
Coal. 
DEVONIAN, 18,000 ft. 
Old Red Sandstone. 
SILURIAN, 33,000 ft. 
CAMBRIAN, 24 000 ft. 
ARCHEAN, 30,000 ft. 
Huronian. 
Laurentian. 
PRIMEVAL. 
Earliest true Reptiles. 
Earliest Amphibian (Labyrinthodont) ; 
extinction of Trilobites; first Cray- 
fish; Beetles; Cockroaches; Centi- 
pedes ; Spiders. 
Cartilaginous and Ganoid Fishes; ear- 
liest land (snail) and _ freshwater 
Shells; Shell-Fish abundant; decline 
of Trilobites; May-flieg; Crab. 
Earliest Fish; the first Air-Breathers 
(Insect, Scorpion); Brachiopods and 
4-gilled Cephalopods very abundant ; 
Trilobites ; Corals ; Graptolites. 
Trilobites ; Brachiopod Mollusks. 
Eozoén (probably not a fossil). 
Non-sedimentary. 
M 2 
