78 PRESENT-DAY GARDENING 
they may be grown entirely in the open for the summer 
months. With many, this is a necessity, for the want 
of sufficient accommodation ; but | think plants so grown 
suffer a disadvantage, particularly in dull, wet seasons, 
compared to those grown in light, open houses, or having 
the protection of frames, where they can be controlled in 
regard to watering, fumigating, and other matters. 
There are some varieties, notably Mrs. Burnett, Nelson 
Fisher, and those of the Lawson type, which become 
subject to the rust fungus, and other troubles, if the out- 
of-door practice is persisted in. However, if the plants 
must be placed in the open, select a warm, open site, pro- 
tected from winds, and having a well-drained base of ashes 
or gravel to stand the pots upon. Do not crowd them, 
but allow ample room for growth, and, for convenience 
in working amongst them, arrange them in beds, five 
or six plants wide, with broad alleys between the beds. 
Keep a sharp look out for insects; in a hot, dry season, 
red spider will be sure to be troublesome, unless preventive 
measures are taken as recommended on page 87. In 
such weather, plants obtain much benefit from sprayings 
with tepid rain-water in the evenings, If, on the contrary, 
wet weather prevails, necessitating the use of artificial 
manure being sprinkled on the surface soil in place 
of liquid manure, see that the soil is lightly stirred, and 
not allowed to green over or become clogged. Remove 
the plants to the houses as early in August as possible, 
but be careful to inure them gradually to their changed 
quarters, and, as far as possible, continue the open-air 
conditions, namely, plenty of light and air, and a moist 
atmosphere about the plants. 
