110 PRESENT-DAY GARDENING 
and drainage examined as the plants are moved into the 
house. Commence layering about the end of the month, 
Malmaison Varieties.—These will have finished flower- 
ing by the middle of the month, All layering should be 
done promptly. The earliest flowering plants may have 
been layered in June. 
Perpetual-Flowering Varieties.—The object being to 
produce flowers from September to March, this is best 
done by having a succession of plants, and repotting them 
at various times. The time of stopping, too, influences 
to a great extent the time of flowering. Most varieties 
ought not to be stopped after the end of July. Plants 
produced from cuttings in the previous winter season will 
give good flowers in 6-inch pots; two-year-old plants, in 
8-inch or g-inch pots. 
AUGUST 
Border Carnations and Picotees.—Get the layering 
finished by the end of the month. Remove the fading 
flowers, unless it is intended to save the seed, when the 
petals only must be removed as they decay. Plants shaded 
in the greenhouse should be removed out-of-doors, as the 
best layers are those freely exposed to sunshine. Do 
not crowd the layers too closely together. As a rule, 
the best layers are obtained from plants flowered in the 
borders. 
Malmaison Varieties.—Some of the layers may have 
been potted up last month; at any rate, some of them 
will be quite ready now, and they ought to be strong 
enough to allow each one to be planted in a 3-inch 
pot. Place them near the roof glass of a pit or green- 
house. Any old plants intended to flower as two-year- 
