308 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 



An erroneous Labrador record was published on the authority of Alfred 

 Leehevallier by Ruthven Deane (Amer. nat., vol. 6, 1872, p. 369) viz: that 

 one was found dead near St. Augustine on the coast of Labrador, in 1870. 

 This was discredited by J. E. Harting (Zoologist, ser. 3, vol. 8, 1884, pp. 141, 142). 



As all contemporary references to this extinct bird are of great interest, 

 we quote the following from Cartwright's Labrador "Journal," although all 

 the records are at some distance from the Labrador coast (Cartwright, 

 1792, vol. 1, p. 155). "We were about four leagues from Groais Island 

 [Newfoundland] at sun-set, [August 5, 1771] when we saw a snow standing 

 in for Croque. During a calm in the afternoon, Shuglawina went off in his 

 kyack in pursuit of a penguin; he presently came within a proper distance 

 of the bird, and struck his dart into it; but, as the weapon did not enter a 

 mortal part, the penguin swam and dived so well, that he would have lost 

 both the bird and the dart, had he not driven it near enough the vessel for 

 me to shoot it." "This day [June 10, 1774] we saw the first penguin and 

 several bulls [Dovekies]." This latter was in long. 48°, 42' W., and lat. 

 51° 45' N., during a voyage from England (Cartwright, 1792, vol. 2, p. 7). 

 His account of Funk Island is classical and prophetic, and was written on 

 July 5, 1785 (Cartwright, 1792, vol. 3, p. 55). "Funk Island is a small 

 flat island-rock about 20 leagues east of the island of Fogo, in the latitude 

 of 50° north. Innumerable flocks of sea-fowl breed upon it every summer; 

 which are of great service to the poor inhabitants of Fogo; who make voyages 

 there to load with birds and eggs. When the water is smooth, they make 

 their shallop fast to the shore, lay their gang-boards from the gunwale of the 

 boat to the rocks, and then drive as many penguins on board, as she will hold; 

 for, the wings of those birds being remarkably short, they cannot fly. But 

 it has been customary of late years, for several crews of men to live all the 

 summer on that island, for the sole purpose of killing birds for the sake of 

 their feathers, the destruction which they have made is incredible. If a 

 stop is not soon put to that practice, the whole breed will be diminished to 

 almost nothing, particularly the penguins; for this is now the only island 

 they have left to breed upon; all others lying so near the shores of Newfound- 

 land, they are continually robbed. The birds which the people bring from 

 thence, they salt and eat, in lieu of salted pork." 



It is to be noted that Cartwright says that Funk Island is the only place 

 where the "Penguins" bred. It seems hardly probable that they would 

 have been driven off their breeding places on the Labrador coast in his day 

 if any such existed, and it is equally improbable that he would have failed to 

 find any such or to record them in his valuable "Journal."] 



Alle alle (Linn.). 

 Dovekie; "Tuhre"; "Little Bull"; "Bull-bird"; "Ice-bird." 



Abundant transient and winter visitor. 



Cartwright in his "Journal" (1792, vol. 2, p. iii) says: "Bull. A small 

 sea bird. I believe it is called the ice-bird." This bird breeds north 



