TOWNSEND AND ALLEN: LABRADOR BIRDS. 359 



breeding abundantly at Ungava and Davis Inlet. Low found it 

 common on the upper Hamilton River and Spreadborough saw it 

 throughout the interior wherever there were large lakes with sandy 

 shores. 



We found a pair at Battle Island, three pairs at Great Caribou 

 Island, and a pair each at Long Tickle and Hopedale. Their actions 

 suggested the presence of young. 



Arenaria morinella (Linn.). 

 Ruddy Turnstone. 



Common transient visitor. 



Stearns found it along the southern coast in small flocks; Frazar 

 saw one flock late in May at Esquimaux Point; Palmer found a few 

 at Mingan; Coues saw it "commonly from August 20 to September 1 

 at Henley Harbor." Packard records it as "occasional at Ungava. 

 Not rare on east coast." 



Haematopus palliatus Temm. 

 American Oyster-catcher. 



Extirpated; formerly summer resident. 



There is no question but that this interesting bird formerly extended 

 its breeding range much farther north than at the present day when 

 it is found breeding only as far north as New Jersey while stragglers 

 are occasionally taken on the coast as far north as Grand Manan. 



As recently as Audubon's day, however, the Oyster-catcher occurred 

 on the southern coast of Labrador, as the following extracts from his 

 writings clearly show. In his Labrador journal under date of July 

 6, 1833, when he was near Cape Whittle, he writes: "Coolidge and 

 party shot two Oyster Catchers; these are becoming plentiful." 

 Again ('35a, p. 181): "It occurs all the way to Labrador, in which 

 country I found that several were breeding in the month of July .... 

 In Labrador, I met with it farther from the open sea than in any other 

 part, yet always near salt-water .... I have seen it ... . knock off 

 limpets from the rocks on the coast of Labrador, using its weapon 

 [bill] sideways and insinuating it between the rock and the shell like 



