130 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MILK HYGIENE 
is to have the windows on the east and west sides with the 
two rows of cows extending north and south. The win- 
dows on the west side can be provided with wood shutters 
to keep out the sun on hot summer afternoons. When 
the shutters are up the flies will also be less troublesome 
on that side of the stable. 
(d) Surroundings.—The location of the manure 
dump and the direction of the surface drainage from 
the same should be observed, particularly with relation 
to the location of the source of the water supply. The 
accessibility of the manure pile to cows turned out for 
exercise or being driven into or out of the stable should 
also be considered. When cows are permitted to wander 
about in a lot of manure they become very much soiled, 
especially their legs and udders, and also carry a good 
deal of dirt into the stable. 
The proximity of other buildings, especially if used 
as horse stables, chicken houses, pigpens, etc., should be 
noted. Buildings used for these purposes, as well as 
manure piles, are breeding places for flies and are there- 
fore objectionable when too close to a dairy stable or milk 
house. 
Attention should be given to the condition of the 
barnyard or exercise yard. Note its size and whether or 
not it is well drained. The condition of the barnyard 
has a considerable effect upon the cleanliness of the cows 
and stable. If it is muddy or dirty, some of this material 
will become attached to the cows and will be carried into 
the stable, increasing the labor of cleaning the cows and 
the stable. 
2. Interior of the Stable-—In examining the cow stable, 
the fact should be kept in mind that it is not only a shelter 
for animals but is also a place where human food is pro- 
