A HISTORY OF SURREY 



tation for the services of four knights due from the abbey or Chertsey 

 5 marks for the knights of the earldom, and 15/. from the canons of 

 Merton. The note is added, ' nota^ quod in hoc comitatu non mveni- 

 untur alia dona vel scutagia aliqua.' 



In the great Inquest of 11 66 the abbot of Chertsey answered 

 for three knights' fees held by single tenants, and a fourth divided 

 among five smaller holders. The Honour of Clare owed the services of 

 twenty-eight and three-quarters knights' fees in the county of Surrey at 

 this same date/ 



In the Testa de Nevill, which preserves the list of services due in the 

 early part of the thirteenth century, we find the following recorded : — 



Held of the Honour of Clare, in Surrey, twenty-two knights' fees and a quarter; 

 held of the Honour of Gloucester in Surrey, nine knights' fees and one-sixth ; held of, 

 the barony of William of Windsor, five knights' fees ; held of the king, in chief, 

 eleven knights' fees and a quarter ; held of the Honour of Warren, three knights' 

 fees and a quarter ; held of the abbot of Chertsey, two knights' fees and a half; held 

 of the Honour of Dudley, four knights' fees ; held of the earl of Hereford, and 

 others, five knights' fees and two-thirds.^ 



In addition to these the Bishop of Winchester held five knights' 

 fees at Farnham.* These make a total of seventy knights and one- 

 twelfth of a knight's equipment due from the county, and there are 

 possible omissions." The lists of services in the Red Book of the 

 Exchequer are less complete, but are probably based on the same returns, 

 for they bear out this number. It is worth noticing that the heavy 

 cavalry raised in the county in Elizabeth's reign included only eight 

 lances in 1588, and ninety-six demi-lances in 1575, hardly more numer- 

 ous and mostly less heavily armed than the thirteenth century feudal 

 array. Indeed, when we remember that the feudal array was in prac- 

 tice reinforced by four or five troopers to each knight, and that, though 

 the 'lances' in 1588 had servants with them, yet the ninety-six demi- 

 lances probably represent the actual strength of the squadron, we see 

 that the potential number of heavy cavalry was greater, about 122c, 

 than the force in the field in the sixteenth century. The whole feudal 

 levy however was never in the field all at one time. 



Edward I. created a paid army in place of or to supplement 

 feudal levies, and no doubt Surrey would furnish men for this force. 

 The Earl of Surrey served continually in the Welsh and Scotch wars" 

 and the Earl of Gloucester, the largest landholder in the county in the 

 Welsh wars. In 1322, when the whole realm of Edward II was 

 threatened with dissolution, even the southern counties were called 

 upon to resist the Scots and the barons in alliance with them. Surrey 



> Pipe R. 5 Hen. II. 



» ReJ Book of the Exchequer (Roll; Ser.), i 198 



not L IZ.y'"'"' ^- ''-^°- ^' ^"' °' P- '° '^ '' -' ^-'^ <^1-' -Hethcr two more fees should 



• Lib. de Scut. 13 Edw. I. 19. 



' e.g. there is no specific mention of the service dnp fnr f>,„ tt 1 r /-1 

 castle of Blechingle,, neither are all the manors TZ Ea^H ^wt.^t:LSlZT"' "^"" ^"' 



132 



