SCHOOLS 



mentioned, and no doubt was not intended 

 to be taught. 



They shall teach the whole cattechisme set 

 out by the Queenes authoritie to the younger 

 sort, and then as they encrease in lerning, that 

 . . . which is translated into englishe lately 

 sett out by the Dean of Pawles (Nowell) which 

 is by the canons appointed to be taught in 

 Grammar Scholes. 



At St. Saviour's the catechism was, as we 

 saw, to be in Latin or Greek. 



The Master now at the bigynning must take 

 paines to teache the accidence, the Prince's 

 grammar, and so to traine up from booke to 

 booke suche children as we shall appoint unto 

 him. And also to helpe the Hussher to heare 

 one half of the petytes. The Hussher shall 

 sett copies unto the scholers of good matter, 

 sentences of scripture . . . teaching them to 

 read playnly and distinctly. . . . 



They were to take them to church on 

 Sundays and holydays 



and after any sermon . . . examyne some 

 to see what they bring awaie and to com- 

 mend the good to their incorigment, and so 

 the contrary. 



The masters shall not use to ' slacke or mysse 

 their howers in commynge to the schole,' 

 viz. 7-1 1 a.m. and 1-5 p.m. The Master 

 was to have ;C3 i6s. Sd. a year 



for a tyme till we see what store of grammari- 

 ans will increase, and he shall have leve and 

 licence to take 6 schoUers of his friends to 

 helpe his lyvinge. 



A striking proof of the low grade of the 

 school is the fact that the usher was to have 

 the same salary 



for that we have now and so is like to con- 

 tynue many more schollers at writinge than 

 at grammar Seeing we have here great number 

 of pore people in our parishe who are not able 

 to kepe their children at grammar. But being 

 desirus to have them taught the Principells of 

 Christen Religion, and to wright, reade and 

 cast accomptes, and so to put them forth to 

 prentice. 



The usher divided ' all profits ' from en- 

 trance fees and the like equally with the 

 master. The amount of entrance fees and 

 quarterage ' for rods, brooms and incke, so 

 that the schole male be kept cleane ' was the 

 same as in the orders of 1570. If their friends 

 do not find them ' convenient books for their 

 learning and paper' complaint was to be 

 made to the Wardens, and if they are not 



found within a week * then to be discharged 

 of the schole.' On ' the saboth dale,' other 

 holydays, Wednesday, Monday and Saturday 

 they to be at evening prayer, and ' every tyme 

 that he shall mysse ... to have fowre 

 stripes.' The ' bigger sort ' to be at school 

 at 6 in summer and 7 in the winter on pain 

 of three stripes ; but ' this exactness of com- 

 mynge not to be so nearely expected in the 

 yonger sorte.' 



These orders were ' sene, perused and 

 allowed ' by the Bishop * who also after 

 examination had, hath admitted John Paine, 

 late of Cambridge, student,' apparently he 

 had not taken a degree, * to be scholemaster 

 here, and Richard Marloe, . who was our 

 scholemaster before, shall now remaine as 

 Ussher.' A subsequent statute made next year, 

 12 March 1572-3, placed Richard Marlow 

 as he is now spelt, still more on an equality 

 with the master by allowing him also to take 

 six schoUars ' to make his most profite and 

 advauntage of.' 



It maybe observed that nothing is said 

 as to authors to be read. It is probable the 

 boys were not intended to proceed beyond 

 the elements of grammar. Nothing was said 

 about examination. None appears to have 

 been held till 16 March 1584-5, 'itwas decreed 

 . . . that the schollers of our schole shall 

 twyce in the year be examined by some 

 learned men to see how they profite.' 



The statutes of these two schools have been 

 set out at some length because they have 

 been much quoted in the controversy which 

 raged at the time of the passing of the 

 Endowed Schools Acts 1869, and has often 

 broken out since as to the meaning of the 

 term ' Free Grammar School.' While they 

 really furnish cogent evidence that ' Free 

 Grammar School ' meant a Grammar School 

 in which the teaching was free, i.e. gratuitous, 

 they have been cited ^ as showing ' that free 

 grammar school was not in this case taken to 

 mean " unpaid education " is clear.' 



The statutes explain the Charter. * All 

 children of the parish meet to be entered in 

 the Grammar shall be taught free, paying 

 for their first entrance, 2s. 6d., and 8d. a 

 year, 2d. a quarter, towards brooms and rods.' 

 There was a further payment for candles. 

 No one reading this without a thesis to prove 

 could have supposed that it meant anything 

 else than what it says, viz. that the teaching 



» Schools Inquiry Commission Report, vii. 326. 

 Report on the Metropolitan District by D. R. 

 Fearon, Assistant Commissioner, afterwards Secre- 

 tary to the Charity Commission and then a 

 Charity Commissioner, 



'83 



