SCHOOLS 



versity) ' or for Trade as their capacity will 

 fit.' They were to be taught (Stat. 65) 

 * good and sound learning, wryting, reading, 

 grammar, musique and good manners.' The 

 schoolmaster and usher shall also ' freely 

 without recompense or reward, teache and 

 instruct the children of the inhabitants of 

 Dulwich in wrytinge and grammar.' These, 

 though * freely taught,' * were to give 

 ' 2S. 6d. for every childes admittance, and 6d. 

 a quarter to the scholmaster towards broomes 

 and rodds, and every year at Michaelmas a 

 pound of good candells for the use of the 

 schole ' — requirements taken, as we have seen, 

 from the statutes of Southwark and of Cam- 

 berwell Schools. Paying scholars were how- 

 ever admitted. 



For such foreyners children (other than of 

 Dulwich aforesaid) which shalbe schollers in 

 the said schole their friends shall paie the 

 scholemaster and usher such allowance as the 

 master and warden shall appointe. 



The total number, including the twelve 

 poor scholars, ' shall not exceede fourscore at 

 a time.' The master or usher was ' to be 

 able to teache the poore schoUers to write a 

 fair hand,' and to provide pens, ink, and paper 

 for the twelve scholars, * both for wryting and 

 ciphering books and for the grammarians to 

 make their lattins in.' 



The school hours (Stat. 72) were very much 

 shorter than at St. Saviour's, Southwark, viz. : 

 6 to 9.30 a.m. and i to 4 p.m. in summer 

 (i March to i September), and 7 to 9.30 a.m. 

 and I to 3.30 p.m. in winter. But this was 

 because of chapels and music. The music 

 scholars were to be in the ' Musique schole 

 or rome ' at 9.30 a.m. and 3.30 p.m. Even 

 on play days they were to go there at i p.m. 

 The scholars were to be taught ' according 

 to the rules and precepts of the grammar 

 allowed in England, and such other books as 

 were commanded by publique aucthoritye 

 and usually taught in the free grammar 

 scholes of Westminster and Panics.' As by 

 Bilson's statutes at St. Saviour's, the boys 

 were to be taken on 



the election dayes to the free schooles of 

 Westminster or the Merchant Taylors' Schole 

 in London to see and heare the exercises used 

 and uttered by the schollers of those scholes 

 on those daies to the end they may observe 

 and mark the manner and forme thereof. 



Four of the scholars, neither more nor less, 

 were to be maintained at the University for 

 eight years, and any of those were to have a 



' Thus confirming the meaning of ' free school ' 

 at Southwark, v. supra. 



right to a fellowship of the college without 

 any lot or election. The visitor, the Arch- 

 bishop of Canterbury, was to appoint * a 

 divine to hold an examination yearly on 

 Monday in Whitsun week.' As at Win- 

 chester the scholars were to sit at the side 

 table in hall, and one of them was to read a 

 chapter in hall. Their diet is exactly pro- 

 vided for. Every morning at 8 a.m. a loaf of 

 bread among four and a cup of beer each. 

 All the meals were arranged on the basis of 

 messes of four. On Monday, Tuesday and 

 Thursday for dinner ' a good messe of pottage,' 

 for which 2 lbs. of beef were to be boiled, half 

 a loaf each and ' beere without stint.' On 

 Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday, instead of 

 meat there was ' milk or other pottage be- 

 fitting the season,' and J lb. of butter and 

 2 lbs. of cheese among them all, or fish, pear 

 or apple pies. At supper the same, except on 

 Friday or fasting days, when it was only bread 

 and beer. On Sundays and holy days for 

 messes of four * at the rate of J lb. each, roast 

 beef was provided for dinner and roast mutton 

 for supper, "■ with such increase of .diet in 

 Lent and on gawdy daies as the Surveyor of 

 the diet shall think fitt.' Their clothes were 

 an upper coat of good cloth ' of sad cuUor ' 

 lined with canvas, the shirts were white cotton, 

 a pair of drawers of white cotton, two canvas 

 shirts, two pairs of knit stockings, two round 

 bands, a girdle, and a black cap, ' shoes as 

 often as need shall require.' 



The requirement that the twelve poor 

 scholars were to be absolutely of the pauper 

 type was not one calculated to attract the 

 ' foreigners,' without whom it was not likely 

 that the school would be a success, as the 

 whole population of Dulwich at that time 

 probably would not furnish a dozen boys aU 

 told. At first however there seems to have 

 been some prospect of boarders. On 15 June 

 1620, Allen's diary records ^ that ' Mr. Rogers 

 sent this daye his 3 sones att board and schoU- 

 ingfor £i2perannumapeece,' and on 12 Sep- 

 tember ' Mr. Woodward's sone came to 

 sojorne and be taught here at £20 per annum.' 

 The evil effect of requiring unmarried school- 

 masters and fellows was soon seen. In the 

 summer of that year Harrison, the school- 

 master, married 'Nan' Allen, Allen's ward 

 and daughter of his cousin Edward Allen, 

 glover, of Newport Pagnell, secretly, because 

 as he said 



She was under the name of your servant, I 

 know no other, and it would have been thought 



s As is still done at the Middle Temple Hall and 

 at St. Cross Hospital by Winchester. 

 3 Young, i. 56. 



203 



