DOMESTIC 

 ARCHITECTURE 



IN such a county as Surrey, small in extent, containing no great 

 estates or towns, and consisting largely of downs and heaths, it is not 

 to be expected that many important architectural works will be 



found. 



Of the castles that guarded the passes of the North Downs, there 

 remain only ruins at Guildford and parts of Farnham. There are 

 important fragments of the palaces of the Archbishops of Canterbury at 

 Lambeth and Croydon, and the brick gate-house of Bishop Waynflete's 

 house at Esher Place still exists, although sadly altered. With these 

 exceptions, a doorway of Henry VII. at his manor house of Woking and 

 the two thirteenth century crypts at Guildford are probably the only 

 remains of mediaeval domestic work in the county, with the exception of 

 such frames of timberwork as have been incorporated into later buildings. 



Some of the most important pioneer buildings of the Renaissance 

 were in Surrey, but they have all been destroyed. The palace of 

 Richmond, rebuilt by Henry VII., was probably very slightly of Renais- 

 sance character, but Wolsey's gallery at Esher Place, the house of 

 Henry VIII. at Otelands, and especially the palace of Nonsuch, owed 

 their ornamentation to the new school. It is from the surveys of 

 Richmond, Nonsuch and Wimbledon that writers on this period of 

 architecture largely draw their illustrations. 



Southwark once contained many palaces, important houses and 

 notable inns, but these have passed away ; Guildford and Kingston were 

 the two principal towns, and though the latter had until lately fallen in 

 estate, the former still retains many buildings of the time of Elizabeth and 

 James I. ; indeed, the fabric of the High Street is, with a few exceptions, 

 of this date. Godalming, which was always a prosperous little town, 

 also retains many interesting buildings, and with it and Guildford should 

 be grouped the villages of Shere and Wonersh and others adjoining, which 

 were members of a manufacturing district. In such districts the archi- 

 tecture of the humbler buildings is always interesting, and there are here 

 many remains of the houses of the master clothiers and of the cottages of 

 the weavers. 



In the zone of country north of the southern sandhills are still 

 to be found many buildings of the time of Elizabeth and James I. that 



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