192 TENNESSEE WARBLER. 
Missouri it was very abundant in the last week of April. The last was observed in 
Texas about April 20, and the first was seen in Milwaukee, Wis., May 8. Its breeding 
range is from northern Wisconsin and Minnesota northward. Westward it occurs to 
Colorado, a state which is the western limit of many eastern species, such as the Parula 
Warbler, the Baltimore Oriole, the common Bluebird, the Indigobird, and others. 
Occasionally our bird breeds in the northern part of the United States. Barnston 
found a nest at Michipicoton, Lake Superior, and Prof. Horsford another one at Spring- 
field, Mass. Both nests were built on the ground and the eggs were similar to those of 
other species, being white and marked on the larger end with brown spots. 
During their wanderings to the North and back they are very quiet birds, uttering 
at long intervals feeble cricket-like sounds. They arrive very quietly and depart in the 
same unostentatious manner. The Tennessee Warbler belongs to the less bright-colored 
species of its family. It resembles, especially late in the season, the two preceding 
Warblers, not only in its ways and manners, but more so in color. For this reason 
it is not known except to the ornithologist. 
It winters in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama, and the northern part of South 
America. : 
NAMES: TENNESSEE WARBLER, Tennessee Swamp Warbler.—Fauvette du tennessée (Vieillot). 
SCIENTIFIC NAMES: Sylvia peregrina Wils. (1811). Vermivora peregrina Bp. (1838), Nutt. Helminto- 
phaga peregrina Cab. (1850). HELMINTOPHILA PEREGRINA Rivew. (1882). 
DESCRIPTION: Above, yellowish-olive; no crown patch; lores, eye-ring, whitish. Underparts, dull whitish 
or yellowish. Female, similar but duller. 
Length, 4.60 inches; wing, 2.75; tail, 2.00 inches. 
BacHMAN’s WaRBLER, Helmintophila bachmani Ripcw., is a but little known 
species. It was discovered in July, 1873, by Rev. Dr. John Bachman, near Charleston, 
S. C., and in the same vicinity he afterwards discovered a few more. He describes this 
Warbler as a lively, active bird, gliding among the branches of the thick bushes, 
occasionally mounting on the wing and seizing insects in the air, in the manner of 
a Flycatcher. Its nest and eggs remain unknown. 
BREWSTER’S WARBLER, Helmintophila leucobronchialis BREWSTER, has been sup- 
posed a hybrid between H. pinus and H. chrysoptera, but Prof. Robert Ridgway feels 
convinced that Mr. Brewster expressed the exact truth when he stated (Nuttall Bulletin, 
III, p. 99) that ‘“‘the validity of this distinétly characterized species must now be re- 
garded as established.” This beautiful bird is known to occur in Virginia, New Jersey, 
New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, etc. Nest and eggs still remain 
unknown. 
LAWRENCE’S WARBLER, H. Jawrencei HERRICK, and the CINCINNATI WARBLER, H. 
cincinnatiensis Ripcw., seem to be hybrids, probably between H. pinus and H. chry- 
soptera. 
