BAY-BREASTED WARBLER. 215 
five in number, are white with purplish or reddish-brown spots, which are frequently 
grouped in a ring around the larger end. 
Although almost as common in its favorite haunts as the Yellow Warbler in 
orchards and gardens, it is nowhere a familiar bird. Its retired habits are the cause 
that it is only known to the ornithologist and collector. According to Mr. Winfred A. 
Stearns and Dr. Elliott Coues, it breeds rather more numerously in the Alleghanian 
than in the Canadian Fauna, frequenting in New England open mixed woods, thickets, 
orchards, and gardens. In northern Illinois it is found during the breeding season only 
in low, swampy places, apart from cultivated grounds. During the breeding season this 
elegant Warbler occurs from the Atlantic to the Plains, and from southern Canada to 
central Illinois and in the Appalachian highlands, probably, to northern Georgia. It 
winters in the Bahamas and Central America. 
NAMES: CHESTNUT-SIDED WARBLER, Quebec Warbler, Yellow-crowned Warbler. 
SCIENTIFIC NAMES: Motacilla pensylvanica Linn. (1766). Sylvia pensylvanica Wils. (1810). DEN- 
DROICA PENSYLVANICA Baird (1858). Sylvia icterocephala Linn. (1766). Sylvicola icterocephala 
Lath., Aud., Nutt. 
DESCRIPTION: Male: Upper parts, greenish-yellow, streaked with black; crown, yellow, bordered by white, 
then enclosed in black; sides of head and under-parts, pure white; lores, with a line through the eye 
and one below it, black; a conspicuous chestnut-brown stripe on the sides, starting in a line with the 
black mustache; wing and tail-feathers, dark brown, edged with bluish-gray; wing-bars, white, gener- 
ally fused in one large patch. Female: similar, but less highly colored; black on head, obscure, and 
chestnut streaks thinner and fewer. — 
Length, 5.00 to 5.25 inches; wing, 2.50; tail, 2.00 inches. 
BAY-BREASTED WARBLER. 
Dendroica castanea BAIRD. 
PuaTE XII. Fic. 4. 
N SOUTH-WESTERN MISSOURI May is really the ‘‘poet’s month of May,” the 
month of flowers and birds. For several years I occupied a small cottage on the 
edge of the woods and on the north side of an orchard, the trees of which were very 
dense, their lower limbs touching the ground. By the end of April and early in May 
the forest trees, the ornamental shrubbery, and the fruit trees of the orchard literally 
swarmed with many species of Warblers. They explored every branch from the tallest 
oaks and hickories to the lilacs, the upright honey-suckles, mock-oranges, and spice- 
bushes, so urgent is the demand of food during their long northern journeys. Usually 
they are seen early in the morning and all day long. At night they are all up and 
away. Their beautiful.colors and delicate forms can frequently be seen among the dense 
flower-clusters of the apple and pear trees, and in the wealth of highly scented flowers 
of the fragrant and Standish’shoney-suckles. All the Warblers are exceedingly interest- 
