CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Pkefacb .... . . vii 



CHAPTER I 

 Action of Chemical Agents upon Pkotoplasm 



§ 1. Modification of Vital Actions . . .1 



1. Oxygen . . ... 2 



2. Hydrogen . . . . . 5 



3. Oxides of Carbon ... 6 



4. Ammonia . . . . . . 6 



5. Catalytic Poisons . . 7 



6. Poisons wliioh form Salts 12 



a. Acids ..... 12 



6. Soluble Mineral Bases ... 13 



c. Salts of Heavy Metals . . 13 



7. Substitution Poisons . 15 



8. Sodic Fluoride . 21 



9. Special Poisons . . .22 

 § 2. Acclimatization to Chemical Agents . 27 

 § 3. Chemotaxis . . 32 

 Summary of the Chapter . 45 

 Appendix to Chapter I . 52 

 Literature . . .54 



CHAPTER II 



Effect op Varying Moisture upon Protoplasm 



§ 1. On the Amount of "Water in Organisms . . 58 



§ 2. On the Effect of Desiccation upon the Functions of Protoplasm 59 



1. Effect of Dryness on Metabolism. .... 59 



2. Effect of Dryness upon the Motion of Protoplasm 60 



3. Desiccation-rigor and Death 60 



§ 3. On the Acclimatization of Organisms to Desiccation ... 65 

 § 4. The Determination of the Direction of Movement by Moisture — 



Hydrotaxis . . . . 66 



Literature .... . .... 67 



