24 



(h) The floor of the mouth. Observe the tongue, attached to the floor 

 of the mouth, with the papillae foliatae, a pair of oval patches 

 opposite the last molar teeth, and the circumvallate papillae, a 

 pair of small white papillae, a little above and behind the papillae 

 foliatae. Note also the teeth, and the inner aspects of the cheeks, 

 smooth except for a hairy patch on each. 



(c) The pharynx, the posterior portion of the buccal cavity communi- 

 cating with tbe mouth, nasal chamber, oesophagus, and glottis. 

 Remove the soft palate, and observe on the inner aspect of a bony 

 process of the skull, in the position of the back of the soft palate, 

 the paired valve-like openings of the Eustachian tubes. 



I. The Skeleton of the Rabbit. 

 The vertebral column. 



Note the following regions, each distinguished by certain peculiarities 

 in the vertebrae (1) cervical, or neck region ; (2) thoracic, or 

 chest region ; (3) lumbar, or loin region ; (4) sacral region ; 

 and (5) caudal, or tail region. 

 Examine a typical vertebra, say the third lumbar, and note — 



(a) The body or centrum, the epiphysial plates and inter-verte- 

 bral discs, and on its ventral aspect a descending process 

 (hypapophysis). 

 (6) The neural arch, composed of two halves springing from 

 the back of the centrum, each made up of an anterior part 

 or pedicle, and a posterior part or lamina. 



(c) The processes springing from the arch. 



(1) The spinous process, projecting backwards from the 



junction of the two laminae. 



(2) The transverse processes, projecting outwards, one 



on each side of the arch. 



(3) The articular processes, projecting two anteriorly and 



two posteriorly from the junction of the pedicle with 

 the lamina. 



(4) The accessory processes, one on each side of the 



hinder end of the neural arch. 



(d) The notches, situated one on the upper, the other on the lower 



border of each pedicle, and forming, when the vertebrae are 

 joined, the intervertebral foramina. 

 1. The cervical vertebrae. 



(a) Examine the seven vertebrae of the neck, noting the following common 



characters — 



(1) The shortness of the centra. 



(2) The small size of their spinous processes. 



(3) The perforated transverse processes. 



(b) Examine the first vertebra or atlas, noting — 



