SYNOPSIS. 9 
57. Pannularia Nyl. Thallus squamulose or granulose: apo- 
thecia biatorine or lecideine, with simple or 1-3-septate spores ; 
spermogones with jointed sterigmata and cylindrical straight sper- 
matia. ; , 
58. Coccocarpia Pers. Thallus typically monophyllous: apo- 
thecia biatorine, adnate, with simple spores; spermogones as in 
the preceding. 
59. Leproloma Nyl. Thallus submonophyllo-lobed; cortical 
layer absent ; gonidial layer consisting of gonimia: apothecia and 
spermogones unknown. 
Subtribe II. LECANOREI Ny]. Thallus normally crustaceous ; 
gonidial layer consisting of true gonidia. 
60. Lecanora Ach. Thallus squamulose, or radiate, or granulose, 
rarely leprose or evanescent: apothecia lecanorine, occasionally 
biatoroid, with simple, rarely septate spores; spermogones with 
simple or jointed sterigmata, and variously cylindrical, straight, or 
arcuate spermatia. 
61. Dirina Fr. Thallus crustaceous, continuous or rimulose: 
apothecia tuberculoso-lecanorine, with 3-septate spores; spermo- 
gones with simple sterigmata and acicular, arcuate spermatia. 
Subtribe ITI. PERTUSARIEI Nyl. Thallus crustaceous, con- 
tinuous; gonidial layer consisting of true gonidia: apothecia more 
or less enclosed in thalline verruce. 
62. Pertusaria DC. Thallus verrucoso-unequal or smoothish : 
apothecia endocarpoid or lecanoroid, with large simple spores ; 
spermogones with simple sterigmata and acicular, straight sper- 
matia. 
68. Varicellaria Nyl. Thallus thin or subleprarioid: apothecia 
subglobose, at length depressed, variolarioid, with very large 
1-septate spores: spermogones not yet seen. 
Subtribe IV. THELOTREMEI Nyl. Thallus crustaceous, con- 
tinuous or areolate or pulverulent; gonidial layer consisting of 
true gonidia: apothecia urceolato-impressed, with double margin. 
64. Phlyctis Wallr. Thallus thinly crustaceous or pulverulent: 
apothecia erumpent, rotundato-difform, with large murali-divided 
spores; spermogones with simple sterigmata and short, slender, 
straight spermatia. 
65. Thelotrema Ach. Thallus thinly crustaceous, continuous : 
apothecia at length open, with a proper and a thalline margin, and 
murali-divided spores; spermogones with simple sterigmata and 
short straight spermatia. 
