SYNOPSIS. 3 
14, Collema Wigg. Thallus membranaceo-lobate, rarely granu- 
lose; gonimia moniliform; cortical layer absent: apothecia leca- 
Norine, with multilocular, rarely simple spores; spermogones with 
ett sterigmata, rarely with simple sterigmata, and straight sper- 
matia. 
15. Collemodium Nyl. Thallus variously lobed or subfruticulose; 
cortical layer somewhat distinct; gonimia scattered, partly moni- 
liform : apothecia lecanorine, rarely biatorine, with variously septate 
. Spores; spermogones with jointed sterigmata and straight spermatia. 
I 
16. Leptogium Gray. Thallus membranaceo-lobate, granulose, 
rarely fruticulose ; gonimia usually moniliform ; cortical layer 
distinct : apothecia lecanorine, with variously divided, rarely simple 
spores ; Spermogones with jointed sterigmata and straight spermatia. 
17. Dendriscocaulon Nyl. Thallus fruticulose, with solid axis, 
branches covered with minute leprarioid laciniew, containing goni- 
mia: frutification unknown. : 
18. Collemopsis Nyl. Thallus granulato-areolate, glaucous-green 
within; gonimia submoniliform: apothecia lecanorine or pseudo- 
pyrenocarpous, with simple spores; spermogones with simplish 
sterigmata and oblong spermatia. 
Tribe III. PYRENIDIEI Nyl. Thallus fibrillose, gonimia moni- 
liform ; cortical layer distinct: apothecia pyrenoid. 
19. Pyrenidium Nyl. Thallus stellato-divided, cortical layer 
cellular: apothecia innate, with 3-septate spores ; spermogones un- 
known. 
Family 111. LICHENACEI Nyl. Thallus not gelatinous, 
with a gonidial, rarely gonimic layer; medulla more or less dis- 
tinct. 
Series I. EPICONIODEI Nyl. Apothecia with the spores at 
length usually naked and pulverulent on their surface. 
Tribe I. CALICIEI Nyl. Thallus horizontally expanded, some- 
times none: apothecia stipitate, capituliform or sessile. 
20. Sphinctrina Fr. Thallus none proper: apothecia subsessile, 
globoso-turbinate, black, with simple blackish spores ; spermogones 
with simple sterigmata and arcuate spermatia. 
21. Calicium Pers. Thallus granuloso-pulverulent: apothecia 
stipitate, globoso-turbinate, black, with simple or 1-septate, brownish- 
black spores; spermogones with simplish sterigmata and oblong 
spermatia. 
22. Stenocybe Nyl. Thallus obsolete: apothecia stipitate, tur: 
binato-clavate, black, with normally 3-septate, blackish spores, not 
in a mass; spermogones not rightly known. 
B2 
