110 LICHENACEI. (B-BOMYCES. 
t. 373. Baomyces byssoides Mudd, Man. p.63. Lichen fungiformis 
With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p.14, pro parte. Coralloides fungiforme saxatile, 
pallide fuscum Dill. Muse. 78, t. 14. f.4. Lichenowdes fungiforme 
terrestre, capitulis fuscis Dill. in Ray Syn. ed. 3, 70. 39.—Brit. 
Exs.: Leight. n. 178; Mudd, n. 30; Larb, Cxsar. n. 6; Cromb. 
n. 12; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 43. 
Usually spreads very extensively, though often subdeterminate. It 
varies somewhat in thickness, being either moderate and granulose, or 
thinnish and almost leprose, and also in colour from greenish-white to 
dark-greyish, according to substratum and exposure, These minor and 
accidental differences gave rise to the enumeration of supposed species, 
none of which, however, can rank even as forms, The apothecia are 
usually very numerous, simple, or conglomerate, with the stipes occa- 
sionally branched, and when dry sulcato-corrugate. 
Hab. On sandy and gravelly soil, occasionally on rocks and stones, 
rarely on rotten wood, in shady upland situations.—Diéstr. General and 
common in most parts of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands, 
but chiefly in hilly and mountainous tracts.—B. M.: Rozel, Island of 
Jersey ; Island of Sark. Epping Forest, Essex; Hornsey Wood, Mid- 
dlesex ; Leith Hill, Surrey ; Ightham Common, Kent; Lyndhurst, New 
Forest, Hants ; Isle of Wight; near South Brent, Devonshire ; Penzance, 
Withiel and near Bocconoc, Cornwall; Ampthill, Bedfordshire ; Mal- 
vern, Worcestershire ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; Bishop’s Castle, 
Shropshire; Welshpool, Montgomeryshire ; Barmouth and_Dolgelly, 
Merionethshire ; Island of Anglesea; Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; 
Eglestone, Durham; Keswick, Cumberland; Grayrigg Forest, West- 
moreland; Hexham, Northumberland; Ashby, Cumberland. New Gal- 
loway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Leadhills, Lanarkshire; Pentland Hills, 
near Edinburgh; Ashburn, Gourock, Renfrewshire ; Craig Calliach, Ben 
Lawers, and Blair Athole, Perthshire; Sidlaw Hills, Forfarshire; near 
Portlethen, Kincardineshire; Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
Mangerton and Killarney, co. Kerry; Connemara, co. Galway. 
Var. 8. subsquamulosus Nyl. Flora, 1877, p. 463.—Thallus 
determinate, granuloso-squamulose in the centre, squamulose at the 
circumference. Apothecia sessile, minute, simple or conglomerate, 
dark-brown.—Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 15.—Beomyces rufus ff. ses- 
silis et carneus Cromb. Lich. Brit. p.16. Var. carneus Leight. Lich. 
Fi. p. 53, et f. sessilis, ed. 3, p. 51. Beeomyces lignorum Gray, Nat. 
Arr. i. p. 418 pro parte-—Brit. Exvs.: Larb. Cesar. n. 7; Cromb: 
n. 116. 
Distinguished by the more Seer thallus and smaller apothecia. 
It is subsimilar to B. carneus Flork., which does not occur in our Islands, 
and which, though generally regarded as a var. of B. rufus, is a distinct 
species. In B. carneus the thallus is squamulose, with the squamules 
contiguous, incisu-crenate, the podetia distinctly, though shortly stipitate, 
and the thalline reaction K+ yellow, and then immediately saffron-red 
(vide Nyl. Flora, 1877, p. 462). In this variety the thallus is usually 
orbicular and moderate in size, with the apothecia minute and scattered, 
though two or three often become conglomerate, and in a dry state 
entirely sessile. 
Hab, On sandy and peaty soil, rarely on putrid wood, in exposed mari- 
