128 LICHENACEL. [CLADONTA. 
lacinie. States, however, occur, as if intermediate between them, in 
which these characters are not so evident. With us it is rare in a fertile 
condition. The podetia are occasionally wanting, and then the apothecia 
and the spermogones are sessile on the laciniz. 
Hab. In dry sandy places amongst mosses and heaths in maritime and 
upland districts—Distr. Here and there throughout Great Britain, chiefly 
in 8. England and the Channel Islands; rare in S.W. Ireland.—B. M.: 
Quenvais, Island of Jersey; Island of Sark; Jerbourg, Icart Point, and. 
L’Ancresse Bay, Island of Guernsey. Hunstanton, Norfolk; Aldgrave, 
Suffolk; Epping Forest, Essex; the Downs, near Brighton, Sussex; Isle 
of Wight; near Torquay, S. Devon; Withiel and the Sey. Islands, 
Cornwall; Malvern Hills, Worcestershire ; Charnwood Forest, Leicester- 
shire; Haughmond Hill, Shropshire ; Barmouth and Anglesea, N. Wales; 
near Great Ayton, Cleveland, Yorkshire. Pentland Hills, Edinburgh ; 
Island of Lismore; Bay of Nigg, Kincardineshire; the Links, Old Aber- 
deen. Glengariff, co. Cork. 
3. C. firma Nyl. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. viii. (1861) p. 755.—Thallus 
laciniato-squamose at the base; lacinie constipate, suberect, very 
minutely subareolato-insculpt, firm, crenate, naked, or at times 
fibrillose at the margins, and crenato-incised, yellowish or glaucous- 
greenish above, beneath pale yellowish or whitish or obsoletely 
rose-coloured and white-suffused; podetia small, narrowly scyphi- 
ferous (K—, K(CaCl)+ yellow, often ferrugineous). Apothecia more 
or less confluent, brown.—Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 111.—Cladonia 
aleicornis var. firma Nyl. Syn. i. (1860) p. 191.—Brit. Exs. ; Larb. 
Cesar. n. 57; Cromb, n. 122. 
Though originally regarded by Nylander as a variety of C. alcicornis, 
yet “it constitutes a proper species more certainly than many others in 
this genus” (Bull. Soc. Bot. /.¢.). It differs from C. aleicornis in the 
lacinie being constipate, thicker, simpler, and more ascending, firmer 
when growing, but rather brittle when dry. The podetia and apothecia, 
which are very like those of the preceding, are not uncommon, The 
spermogones also are frequent, and are often sessile on the leaflets. 
Hab. On sandy soil and on the ground amongst rocks in maritime 
districts.— Distr. Very local and scarce in the Channel Islands and in 
8. England. —B, M.: Noirmont, Warren, and Quenvais, Island of Jersey ; 
Jerbourg, Island of Guernsey; Chateau Point, Island of Sark. Lydd, 
Kent; Brighton Downs, Sussex; Start Point, 8. Devon. 
Form gracilescens Cromb.—Thallus small; lacinie very narrow, 
much divided, more or less crenate at the apices; podetia narrow 
and narrowly scyphiferous. Apothecia not seen.—Cladonia alci- 
cornis f. gracilescens Cromb. Grevillea, xi. (1883) p. 111. 
A well-marked form, perhaps a variety, of this rather than of the pre- 
ceding species, characterized by the smaller thallus and the much more 
slender and divided lacinize. It closely approaches to var. gentilis Ach. of 
C. alcicornis, but differs in the marginal fibrille being not “long and 
simple ” but shortly fasciculate. In the only entire specimen seen the 
podetia, which are but sparingly present, are substerile and only spermo- 
goniiferous. 
Hab. On the ground among rocks in a maritime district.—Distr. Very 
sparingly in S. Wales—B. M.: Lydstep, Pembrokeshire. 
