134 LICHENACEI. [cLaDONTA. 
the scyphi proliferous from the margins. The apothecia do not usually 
occur, 
Hab. On the ground in upland situations—Distr. Local and scarce in 
8.W. England, 8.W. Scotland, and the 8.W. Highlands.—B. M.: Near 
Widdicombe, Devonshire; Bodmin, Cornwall. New Galloway, Kirk- 
cudbrightshire ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire. 
Form Isignyi Nyl. Flora, 1875, p. 447.—Podetia densely squa- 
muloso-foliaceous. Apothecia moderate, dark-brown.—Cromb. Gre- 
villea, xv. p. 44.—Cladonia pyxidata p. pityrea k. d’Isignyi Mudd, 
Brit. Clad. p. 16. Cladonia Isignyt Del. fide Nyl. 1. ¢. 
The podetia are usually covered with folioles except towards the apices, 
where they are more or less squamulose. In perfect specimens the basal 
thallus is more developed than in the type. With us it is rarely well- 
fertile. 
Hab. Among mosses on the ground and about the roots of trees in 
maritime and upland districts.—Dvstr. Local and rare in the Channel 
Islands and the Central Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: Grosnez Common, 
Island of Jersey. Near Falls of Tummel, Perthshire. 
9. C. cariosa Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. (1827) p. 272.—Thallus 
squamulose at the base ; squamules minute, crenato-incised, greyish- 
glaucous above, white beneath; podetia rather short, somewhat 
stout, simple or branched, at first smooth, becoming granulato-ver- 
rucose, partly denudate, and then almost white carioso-cancellate, 
greyish-glaucous or glaucous; scyphi digitately divided into sub- 
fastigiate branches (K+ yellow, CaCl—). Apothecia turgid, some- 
what large, subconfluent, brown ; spores 0,009-13 mm. long, 0,004-5 
mm. thick—Mudd, Brit. Clad. p. 6; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 19; 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 57, ed. 3, p. 55.—Cladonia gracilis E. cariosa 
Mudd, Man. p.55. Cenomyce cariosa Borr. Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2761; 
Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 80. Lichen cariosus Ach. Prodr. 
(1798) p. 198. Coralloides fungiforme fuscum, basi foliacea Dill. 
Muse. 77, t. 14. f. 2.— Brit. Hvs.: Mudd, Clad. n. 5. 
Easily known by the carioso-cancellate podetia, which, with the other 
characters, show it to be a very distinct species, The basal squamules 
are sometimes very small or evanescent, and minute squamules are rare 
on the podetia. These latter are crowdedly and longitudinally sulcate or 
subfissured, and usually corymbosely divided at the apices. The apo- 
thecia are cccasionally entirely sessile and subconfluent on the podetia. 
Hab. On clayey and sandy soil in maritime and upland wooded dis- 
tricts.—Distr. Apparently local and scarce in S.W. and N. England, the 
W. Highlands of Scotland, and S.W. Ireland.—B. M.: Horsemunden, 
Kent; Wyre Forest and Bewdley, Worcestershire; Ayton, Cleveland, 
Yorkshire. Barcaldine, Argyleshire; Loch Katrine, Perthshire ; Loch- 
aber, Inverness-shire. 
10. C. fimbriata Fr. Lich, Eur. (1831) p. 222.—Thallus squa- 
mulose at the base; squamules minute, greyish-green above, white 
beneath, occasionally evanescent; podetia usually somewhat elon- 
