150 LICHENACEI. [cLADoNIA. 
Huds. F!. Angl. p. 459; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 881; With. Arr. iv. 
. 42. Coralloides corniculis longioribus et rariortbus Dill. Muse. 
102, t.16.1.26. Lichenoides tubulosum cinereum minus crustaceum, 
minusque ramosum Dill. in Ray, Syn. ed. 3, p. 67, n. 17.—Brit. 
Exs.; Mudd, n. 16 pro parte, Clad. nos. 50, 51. 
This, even its more limited Nylanderian conception, is a very variable 
species as to the podetia, the differences in which give rise to the fol- 
lowing subspecies, varieties, and forms. As observed by Nylander (J. wy 
it approaches on the one hand C. gracilis and on the other Cladina rangi- 
ferina, The type, as above described, is Lichen subulatus of Linnzus 
and other authors, which in general appearance is somewhat similar to 
C. gracilis (chordalis), from which it is at once distinguished by the 
apically furcate podetia. These ave at times dark-brown (form spadicea 
Pers., Ach.) and at other times white (form epermena Ach.), according to 
nature of habitat, the latter state occurring chiefly on cretaceous and 
calcareous soil. When fertile, as it rarely is with us, the branches are 
usually subfastigiate at the apices, with the apothecia either solitary or 
cymoso-aggregate, For the anatomical texture of the thallus, vide Ny). 
le. ‘i 
Hab. On the ground on moorlands and in woods in upland tracts.— 
Distr. Probably general and comnion in Great Britain and Iveland, though 
seen from only a comparatively few localities—B. M.: Epping Forest, 
Essex ; near Widdicombe and Bovey Tracey, 8. Devon; Temple Moor, 
Cornwall; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire; Barmouth, Merioneth- 
shire; Island of Anglesea; near Ayton and Newton, Cleveland, York- 
shire. Appin, Argyleshire; Killin, Perthshire; Sidlaw Hills and Clova, 
Forfarshire ; Glen Callater, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Rothiemurchus, 
Inverness-shire. Killarney, co. Kerry. 
Form exilis Mudd, Brit. Clad. (1865) p. 23.—Podetia very slender, 
short, simple or sparingly branched, once or twice furcate at the 
apices. Apothecia small, ageregate, dark-brown.—Cromb. Grevillea, 
xi, p. 113.—Cladonia furcata var. tenwissima Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p- 20 pro parte.— Brit. Exs.: Mudd, Clad. n. 53. 
This apparently descends from var. tenuissima Florke, of which pro- 
bably it is oply a more stunted state, being from 2 to 1 in. high. In 
fertile specimens the podetia are somewhat thicker and but sparingly 
iatiched, with very rarely a few minute scattered squamules. The 
apothecia are usually somewhat numerous. 
Hab. On sterile ground in upland moorlands.— Distr. Local and scaree 
in N. England, S. Scotland, and among the Grampians; no doubt to be 
detected elsewhere.—B. M.: Guisboro’ Moor, Cleveland, Yorkshire. 
New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Glen Lochay, Killin, Perthshire ; 
Hill of Fare, Aberdeenshire. 
Var. . corymbosa Nyl. Syn. (1860) p. 207.—Podetia thickish, 
usually efoliolose, here and there longitudinally fissured, as also at 
one or the other side of the apices, which are radiato-ramose or 
subcorymbose. Apothecia as in the type.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 20, 
Grevillea, xi. p. 113.— Cenomyce allotropa var. corymbosa Ach. Lich. 
Univ. (1810) p, 556.—To this also seems referable the following :— 
Cenomyce furcata Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p, 64; Cladonia fureata Grav. 
