CLADONIA. | CLADONIEI. 157 
Well distinguished by the minutely foliaceo-squamulose podetia (which 
in old age become subdenudate) and by their perforate axils with dentate 
or sublacerate margins. The podetia vary in height from 1] to 3 inches, 
and are slender or somewhat turgid, simple or repeatedly branched. It 
is not very common in fruit, but when present the apothecia are cymoso- 
aggregate, at first plane and margined, at length convex and immarginate. 
Hab. Among mosses on the ground and on rocks in wooded, maritime, 
and upland tracts.— Distr. General, and usually plentiful where it occurs, 
chiefly in the hilly and mountainous regions of Great Britain and Ireland ; 
rare in the Channel Islands.—B. M.: Noirmont Bay, Island of Jersey. 
Epping Forest, Essex ; near Beckey Falls, Devonshire; St. Breock, Corn- 
wall; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire; Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; 
Conway Falls, Carnarvonshire; Hafod, Cardiganshire; Ingleby Park, 
Cleveland, Yorkshire; Windermere, Westmoreland ; West Allen Carrs, 
Northumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Barcaldine, Ar- 
gyleshire; Bracklin Bridge, Rannoch, and Loch Tay, Perthshire ; Durris, 
Kincardineshire; Craig Cluny, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Rothiemurchus 
Woods and Loch Linnhe, Inverness-shire. Black Mountain, near Bel'ast, 
co. Antrim; Doneraile Mts., co. Cork ; Killarney, co, Kerry ; Kylemore, 
co. Galway. 
Form 1. ventricosa Fr. Lich. Eur. (1831) p. 231.—Podetia stont, 
subventricose, the axils and apices dilated, open, infundibuliform.— 
Mudd, Man. p. 56, Brit. Clad. p.19; Cromb. Grevillea, xi. p. 114.— 
Beomyces sparassus (3. ventricosus Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 347.—- 
Lichen ventricosus Huds., as will subsequently be seen, is not, as 
supposed by authors, referable to this form.—Brit. Evs.: Mudd, 
Clad. n. 40. 
Probably this is to be regarded as but a more robust state of the type 
(with which it is sometimes confluent) depending upon the nature of the 
habitat. The podetia are much branched, with the branches often as if 
scyphiform. It is but sparingly seen fertile. 
Hab. Among mosses on moist rocks in wooded upland districts.— 
Distr. Local and scarce in N. Wales, N. England, and the 8.W. High- 
lands of Scotland.—B. M.: Conway Falls, Carnarvonshire ; Aberdovey, 
Merionethshire; Westerdale, Cleveland, Yorkshire. New Galloway, 
Kirkeudbrightshire ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire. 
Form 2. cucullata Nyl. ea Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 360.— 
Thallus with the squamules at the base and on the podetia minute, 
narrowly laciniate, crenulate and cucullato-revolute.—Cromb. Journ. 
Linn. Soe., Bot. xvii. p. 558; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 21.— Ceno- 
myce cucullata Del. in Dub. Bot. Gall. ii. (1830) p. 626. Cladonia 
squamosa B. microphylla Mudd, Man. p. 56. Coralloides seyphi- 
forme foliis alcicorniformibus cartilaginosis Dill. Muse. 87, t. 14. 
f. 12 0.— Brit. Exvs.: Mudd, n. 14, Clad. nos. 33, 50. 
Differs in the form of the smaller squamules, which give it a rather 
fine appearance. In the British specimens the podetia are usually short 
and sterile, rarely more elongate and fertile. 
Hab. On mossy boulders and putrid trunks in wooded upland districts. 
—Distr. Local and rare in W. and N. England, N. Wales, S. Scotland, 
the W. Ilighlands, and N.W. Ireland.—B. M.: Near Withiel, Cornwall ; 
