192 LICHENACEI. [RAMALINA. 
Externally like R. calicaris, but distinguished by its curved spores, 
The apothecia are small and numerous; the spermatia are 0,0035-45 mm. 
long, 0,001 mm. thick. 
Hab. On the branches of trees in upland situations—Distr, Gathered 
only very sparingly in W, England and N. Wales.—B. M.: Near Bar- 
mouth, Merionethshire; Kendal, Westmoreland ; Lamplugh, Cumberland. 
5. R. fastigiata Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 603 pro parte.— 
Thallus subrigid, subcompressed or inflato-hollow, smoothish or lon- 
gitudinally unequal and nervoso-rugose, pale straw-coloured or 
greenish-white ; lacinie short, subfastigiate, crowded (medulla 
K~—). Apothecia terminal, peltato-sessile, plane or convex, small 
or moderate, pale-testaceous or glaucous, the receptacle somewhat 
rugose beneath; spores oblongo-ellipsoid, curved, 0,009-17 mm. 
long, 0,005-7 mm. thick.—Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 406; Hook. Fl. 
Scot. ji. p. 68; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 225; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. 
p- 85; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 2, p. 473, ed. 3, p. 86.—Ramalina 
calicaris B. fastigiata Mudd, Man. p. 73; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 25; 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 94. Lichen fastigiatus Pers. in Ust. N. Ann. 
i. (1794) p. 256; Eng. Bot. t. 890 (lower figs.). Lichen calicaris 
Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 451 pro parte; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 834 pro 
parte. Lichenoides cornutum bronchiale molle, subtus incanum Dill. 
Musc. 160, t. 21. f.55 3. Lichenoides coralliforme, rostratum et 
canaliculatum Dill. Muse. 170, t. 23. f. 62c.—Brit. Exs.: Leight. 
n. 82; Mudd, n. 48; Larbal. Cesar. n. 60; Lich. Hb. n. 287; 
Bohl. n. 22. 
Although Nylander (Mon. Ram. p. 39) considers this to be scarcely 
more than a variety or subspecies of the preceding, yet its constant 
characters induce me to treat it as a species. From young states of 
R. fraxinea it is distinguished by the thallus being ceespitose, erect, more 
contracted and subfastigiately divided. Externally it approaches R. cali- 
caris var. subfastigiata, but the spores are more bepreally curved. The 
apothecia are usually very numerous and the spermogones rare, with 
spermatia 0,0035 mm. long, about 0,001 mm. thick. 
Hab. On the trunks, and more especially on the branches, of trees in 
wooded maritime and upland districts —Dustr. General and common in 
Great Britain, seldom seen in the fir woods of the Highlands; rare in 
Treland and the Channel Islands.—B. M.: Islands of Jersey and Guernsey. 
Epping Forest and Copthall Green, Essex; Penshurst, Kent; Beeding 
Priory, Sussex; New Forest, Hampshire; near Ryde, Isle of Wight; 
near Penzance and Withiel, Cornwall; Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; 
Eversden Wood, Cambridgeshire ; Charnwood Forest, Leicestershire ; 
Malvern and Broadwas, Worcestershire ; near Oswestry and Shrewsbury, 
Shropshire; Causeway, Warwickshire; Aberdovey, Merioneth, and Angle- 
sea; near Over, Cheshire; Cleveland, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; 
Kendal, Westmoreland; Lamplugh, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirk- 
cudbrightshire ; Yester House, Haddington; Roslin and Bonally, Mid- 
Lothian; Bowling Bay, Dumbarton; Barcaldine, Argyleshire; Loch 
Tay, Blaeberry Hill, and Blair Athole, Perthshire; Abergeldie and 
Craig Coinnoch, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire ; 
ee Strathpeffer, Ross-shire; Lairg, Sutherlandshire. Derriquin, co. 
erry, 
