204 LICHEN ACEI. [USNEA. 
rate, concave, pale or flesh-coloured, fibrilloso-ciliate at the margins ; 
spores shortly ellipsoid, 0,009-11 mm. long, 0,006-7 mm. thick— 
Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. p. 555.— Usnea barbata é. dasy- 
poga Mudd, Man. p. 69; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 23; Leight. Lich. 
Fl. p. 84, ed. 3, p. 76. Usnea plicata y. dasypoga Ach. Meth. 
(1808) p. 312. Usnea barbata Hook. Fl. Scot. it. p. 70 pro parte ; 
Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 231 pro parte. Lichen barbatus Huds. Fl. Angl. 
p. 462; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 890; Eng. Bot. t. 258. f. 2. Usnea 
barbata loris tenuibus fibrosis Dill. Muse. 63, t. 12. f. 6.—The specific 
name of barbatus Linn. having been applied to the aggregate species 
of recent authors, it is better to adopt the later name in order to 
prevent confusion. 
Distinguished from U. florida by the elongate, pendulous thallus with 
its long divergent branches, and by the smaller and fewer apothecia. 
The thallus, as is the case in other species, is in old plants sometimes 
very sparingly articulate towards the base, and occasionally also con- 
sists merely of one or two elongate branches, which at first sight are not 
unlike those of U. longissima Ach., which does not occur in this country. 
It is often widely spreading and cephalodiiferous, and from its appear- 
ance is best entitled to the name of “bearded.” With us it is very 
rarely seen in fruit; when present the apothecia are scattered and chietly 
subterminal. 
Hab. On the trunks of trees, chiefly firs, in wooded upland tracts.— 
Distr. Somewhat local in S. and N. England, N. Wales ; more common 
among the Grampians, Scotland; not seen from Ireland.—B. M.: Dart- 
moor, Lydford, and near Totnes, 8. Devon; near Dolgelly and Rhew- 
greidden, Merionethshire ; Hafod, Cardiganshire; Teesdale Forest, Dur- 
ham; Ingleby, Cleveland, Yorkshire; Lamplugh, Cumberland. New 
Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Loch Ard, Killin, and Ben Lawers, 
Perthshire; Deerhill Wood, Forfarshire; Mar Forest, Aberdeenshire; 
Rothiemurchus Woods, Inverness-shire. 
Var. 6. plicata Nyl. Flora, 1885, p. 299.—Thallus smooth, sub- 
dichotomously branched; branches lax, entangled, subarticulate, 
very sparingly or non-fibrillose, the ultimate ones capillary. Apo- 
thecia somewhat small, concave or at length plane.—Cromb. Gre- 
villea, xv. p. 48.—Usnea barbata y. plicata Mudd, Man. p. 69 pro 
parte ; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 23 pro parte; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 85 
pro parte, ed. 3, p. 76 pro parte. Usnea plicata Gray, Nat. Arr. i. 
p. 403 (excl. vars.); Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 70; Sm. Eng. Fl. p. 226. 
Lichen plicatus Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 225; Eng. Bot. t. 257 
(atypical, and referable rather to dasypoga).—As there is no speci- 
men of Lichen plicatus in Herb. Linn., it is very doubtful if this be 
the plant he intended by that name. 
This, regarded by Nylander as a variety of U. dasypoga, has been little 
understood by lichenologists. It is distinguished by the thallus being 
quite smooth, very sparingly fibrillose (in its more typical state efibril- 
lose), and the branches more lax and entangled. The older branches are 
somewhat articulato-diffract, and the ultimate ones attenuate, filiform. 
Only one of our British specimens is quite typical and well fertile. 
Hab. On the branches of trees, chiefly larch, in wooded mountainous 
