USNEA. ] USNEEI, 205 
regions.—Distr. Local and scarce among the Grampians, Scotland.— 
B. M.: Stronaclachan Woods, Killin, Perthshire; near Corriemulzie, 
Braemar, Aberdeenshire (typical); Rothiemurchus Woods, Inverness- 
shire ; Dulcie, by the Findhorn, Morayshire, 
Var. y. scabrata Nyl. Flora, 1885, p. 299.—Thallus rough with 
more or less crowded, slightly elevated papille ; branches somewhat 
strict, nearly efibrillose. Apothecia small,—Cromb. Grevillea, xv. 
p. 48.—Usnea scabrata Nyl. Flora, 1875, p. 103; Cromb. Journ. 
Bot. 1882, p. 27. 
Differs from the preceding variety in having the branches scabrid and 
not subarticulate. From U. ceratina, which it also resembles, it is dis- 
tinguished by the absence of patent branches. The British specimens are 
short, about 6 inches long, often verrucoso-sorediiferous, and are for the 
most. part sterile. 
Hab. On the trunks and branches of larches in mountainous woods.— 
Distr, Probably general in the fir forests of the Scottish Highlands, 
though seen only from a few localities in S. Scotland and among the 
Grampians.—B. M.: New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Stronaclachan 
Woods, Killin, and Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; near Corriemulzie, Braemar, 
Aberdeenshire. 
4, U. ceratina Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 610.—Thallus elon- 
gate, subpendulous, rigid, papilloso-scabrous, at length verrucoso- 
sorediate, much and variously branched, palé-greyish or yellowish ; 
the branches patent, diffuse, more or less fibrillose. Apothecia 
moderate or somewhat large, slightly concave, concolorous, some- 
times pruinose, the margin with long, stout, recurved cilia, the 
receptacle beneath papilliferous ; spores 0,0U7-9 mm. long, 0,005-7 
mm, thick.—Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. p. 554.—Usnea 
barbata var. ceratina Cromb. Journ, Bot. 1872, p. 232; Leight. 
Lich. Fl. p. 85, ed. 3, p.77. Lichen plicatus Huds. Fl. Argl. p. 461; 
Tightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 889; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 50. Usnea 
vulgaris loris longis implexis Dill. Muse. 56, t. 11. f.1. Muscus 
arboreus, Usnea officinarum Dill. in Ray, Syn. ed. 3, p. 64, n. 1.— 
Brit. Exs.: Mudd, n. 36. 
Generally confounded by British authors with yar. plicata of the pre- 
ceding species, from which it is readily distinguished by the numerous 
papillz or short fibrils, which give it so very rough an appearance. It 
is very variable in size, mode of branching, and degree of fibrillosity, 
while in old plants it is sometimes sparingly articulate at the base. The 
apothecia in this country are seldom present. 
Hab. On the trunks and branches of old trees in upland woods.— Distr, 
General and common in §., W., and N. England, in N. Wales, and the 
Grampians, Scotland; not seen from Ireland or the Channel Islands.— 
B. M.: Lydd, Kent; Bexhill, Sussex; Isle of Wight; Lyndhurst, New 
Forest, and Woodcote Wood, Hampshire; Beckey Falls, S. Devon; 
Roughton and Bocconoe, Cornwall; Annet Island, Scilly ; near Malvern, 
Worcestershire; Nannau, near Dolgelly, and Harlech, Merionethshire; 
Hafod, Cardiganshire; Island of Anglesea; Ingleby Park, Cleveland, 
