206 LICHENACEI. [USNEA, 
Yorkshire; Ashgill Woods and Lamplugh, Cumberland. Stronaclachan 
Woods and Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Cuuntesswells Woods, near Aber- 
deen; Ballochbuie Forest, Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Rothiemurchus 
Weods, Inverness-shire ; Cawdor Woods, Nairn, Morayshire. 
Var. #8. scabrosa Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 620.—Thallus 
smaller, erect or suberect, subceespitose, more or less fibrillose, papil- 
loso-scabrid, verrucoso-sorediate: otherwise as in the type—Cromb. 
Journ, Bot. 1882, p. 272.—Brit. Evs.: Mudd, n. 34; Leight. n. 1 
pro parte; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 285. 
When erect and fibrillose this is not unlike U. florida, from which it 
differs in the papille and prominent yerrucose soredia, with which it is 
more or less covered. It is 3-5 inches in length, and is rarely fertile, 
though cephalodia are often present. 
Hab. On trunks and branches of trees, also on stunted shrubs and 
rocks in maritime and upland districts. Distr. Rather local, though 
plentiful where it occursin S., W., and N. England, N. Wales, S. Scotland, 
and the 8.W. Highlands; not seen from Iveland—B. M.: Boulay Bay, 
Island of Jersey. High Rocks, near Tunbridge Wells, and Lydd, Kent; 
St. Leonard’s Forest, Sussex ; Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hampshire; near 
Lydford, S. Devon; Gopsall, Leicestershire; Haughmond, Hill, Shrop- 
shire; near Dolgelly, Merionethshire; Ayton Moor, Cleveland, York- 
shire; Calder Abbey, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; 
Appin, Argyleshire. 
Form ferruginascens Cromb., Trans. Essex Field Club, iv. (1885) 
p. 60.—Thallus erect, small, deep rusty-red. Apothecia not seen.— 
Usnea florida f. rubsginea (non Mich.), Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 403; 
Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1870, p. 96; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 86, ed. 3, 
p. 77. 
Evidently an accidental condition, abnormally coloured by some kind 
of maceration. The main branches are occasionally sparingly articulate 
towards the base. It is always sterile. . 
Hab. On trees and shrubs in maritime aud upland tracts.—Distr. 
Hainault Forest, Essex; Lydd, Kent; St. Leonard’s Forest and Maple- 
hurst, Sussex; New Forest, Hampshire; Falls of Beckey, 8. Devon; 
Withiel, Cornwall. Near Belfast, co. Antrim. 
5. U. articulata Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 185.—-Thallus 
pendulous, nearly smooth, flaccid, very much and dichotomously 
branched, pale-greyish or pale-yellowish ; branches elongate, arti- 
culato-constricted, the articulations ventricose, discrete; branchlets 
slender, fibrillose and entangled. Apothecia small, pale, somewhat 
sparingly fibrilloso-ciliate—Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. 
p. 554.—Usnea barbata 3. articulata Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 404; 
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 70 (e); Mudd, Man. p. 69; Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p. 23; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 85, ed. 8, p. 77. Lichen articulatus 
Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) p. 1156; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 462; With. Arr. 
ed. 3, iv. p. 48, et var. 2 barbatus; Eng. Bot. t. 258. f.1. Usnea 
barbata Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 231. Usnea capillacea nodosa Dill. 
