EVERNIA. | PARMELIEI. 231 
Sp. Pl. (1753) p.1146; Huds. Fl. Angl. p.450; Light#f.-Fl. Scot. ii. 
p. 882; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p.56. Lichenoides cornutum amarum, 
superne cinereum, inferne nigrum Dill. Muse, 157, t. 21. f.52.— Brit. 
Exs.: Leight. n. 37; Mudd, n, 40. 
The furfur with which the thallus is usually covered above, and the 
different colours of the upper and the lower surfaces, readily prevent this 
being confounded with Z. prunastri. Occasionally, when growing on the 
tops of stone wulls, it is somewhat orbicular, depressed, and loosely 
adnate, with a very few obscure rhizinee towards the point of attachment. 
The variations in the laciniz give rise to the several forms described ° 
below. The apothecia, which at length become plane and large, are 
rarely seen in Britain. The spermogones and spermatia are as in the 
preceding species. 
Hab, On the trunks of trees, old pales, walls, and sometimes rocks, in 
upland districts.— Distr. General and not uncommon in the mountainous 
tracts of Great Britain; most frequent in the Central Highlands of Scot- 
land; apparently very local in lreland—B. M.: New Forest, Hants ; 
Dartmoor and South Brent, Devonshire ; Helminton, Cornwall ; Chester- 
tield, Darley, and near Buxton, Derbyshire ; near Oswestry, Caer Caradoc, 
and Wrekin Hill, Shropshire; Cwm Bychan, Merionethshire ; Island of 
Anglesea; Arkindale and Farndale, Yorkshire; Eglestone, Durham ; 
Kentmere, near Kendal, Westmoreland ; Chillingham Park, Northumber- 
land. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire; Swanston Wood, near Edin- 
burgh ; Glenfalloch, Argyleshire; Blaeberry Hill, Glen Lochay, Killin, 
and Glen Lyon, Perthshire; Deerhill Wood and Johnston Hill, Forfar- 
shire; Invercauld, Auchindryne, and Castleton, Braemar; Glen Nevis, 
Inverness-shire. Lough Bray, near Dublin. 
Form 1. nuda Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1887) p. 74.—Thallus. 
smaller ; lacinize shorter, broader, somewhat plane, pale or here and 
there subviolet, naked.— Borrera furfuracea (3, nuda Ach. Lich. Univ. 
(1810) p. 500. 
A smaller plant, with the thallus entirely glabrous and the lacinie 
broader. The apothecia are not present in our specimens. 
Hab. On old pales and the trunks of birches in upland situations.—. 
Distr. Found only sparingly in the S.W. Highlands and the N. Grampians, 
Scotland.—B.M.: Crianlarich, Perthshire ; Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeen- 
shire. 
Form 2. scobicina Nyl. Lich. Scand. (1861) p. 73.—Laciniz 
broader, densely isidioso-furfuraceous or isidioso-tibrillose ; other- 
wise as in the type.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 24; Leight. Lich. Fl. 
p. 90.—Parmelia furfuracea y. scobicina Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 255. 
Differs chiefly in being crowdedly isidiiferous; the thallus is usually 
dark greyish, and the laciuiz less branched, broader and lacero-laciniate 
towards the apices. It is rarely fertile; the apothecia occasionally have 
both the margin and the back of the receptacle minutely isidiose. 
Hab. On the trunks of trees, old pales, and stone walls in upland 
districts.—Distr. Rather local, though plentiful in W. and Central 
England; but chiefly in the Grampians, Scotland—B. M.: Gopsall, 
Park, Leicestershire; Malvern, Worcestershire, Killin and Ben Lawers, 
Perthshire; Castleton of Braemar, Aberdeenshire; Rothiemurchus, 
Inverness-shire. 
