PARMELIA. | PARMELIEL 243 
A peculiar variety, which, notwithstanding the smooth thallus, is from 
its general aspect referable to P. suleata rather than to P. savatilis. At 
the same time it is well distinguished by the esorediate thallus which is 
but loosely affixed to the substratum, and by the form of the laciniz. 
The under surface is occasional'y covered to the very extremities of the 
laciniee with numerous densely crowded black rhizine (form hirsuta 
Cromb. /.c.). In the British specimens neither apothecia nor spermogones 
are present. : 
Hab. On the trunks of old firs and on granite walls in upland locali- 
ties— Distr. Found only in two localities amongst the Grampians, Scot- 
land.—B. M.: Ben Lawers, Perthshire; Durris, Kincardineshire. 
12. P. omphalodes Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 204.—Thallus orbi- 
cular, expanded, submembranaceous, somewhat shining, smoothish, 
dark-brown, brownish-black or purplish-black; beneath black, 
densely rhizineo-fibrillose; lacinia subtruncate at the apices 
Ce a eee CaCl_). Apothecia dark-badious, mode- 
rate or large; otherwise as in P. sawatilis—Gray, Nat. Arr. i. 
p. 440; Hook. FI. Seot. ii. p. 53; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 199; Tayl. in 
Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 145.—Purmelia saxatilis 0. omphalodes Mudd, 
Man. p. 95; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 34; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 138, 
ed. 3, p. 127. Lichen omphalodes Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) p. 1143; 
Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 446; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 818; With. Arr. 
ed. 3, iv. p. 34; Eng. Bot. t. 604. Lichenoides saxatile tinctorium, 
foliis pilosis purpurets Dill. Muse. 185, t. 24. f. 80, in Ray, Syn. 
ed. 3, p. 74, n. 70.—Brit. Evs.: Leight. n. 7; Mudd,n. 67; Larb. 
Cesar. n. 19; Bohl. n. 18. 
Though by some recent authors regarded as a variety of P. savatilis, it 
is entitled to rank as specifically distinct. It varies in colour from brown 
or greyish-brown to nearly black, and is often, as observed by Hooker, 
Eng. Fl. l¢., marked with pale zigzag cracks. In the darker thalli 
the reaction of the cortical layer with K is less distinct. It often 
spreads extensively, almost covering the larger and otherwise naked 
boulders, and is somewhat variable. The apothecia are not unfrequent, 
sometimes numerous and very large, becoming in old age angulose and 
flexuose, often with slightly smaller spores as in P. sudcata. The spermo- 
gones, which are also common, are usually more prominent than in 
P. saxatilis, giving the thallus a black-punctate appearance. 
Hab. On rocks and boulders in maritime, upland, and alpine tracts.— 
Distr. General and common throughout Great Britain; very abundant 
in the Ilighlands, Scotland, to the summits of the higher mountains; 
apparently rare in Ireland and the Channel Islands.—B. M.: Beauport 
Bay, Jersey; Island of Guernsey. Dartmoor, Hay Tor, and Lustleigh 
Cleeve, Devonshire; Temple Moor, near Penzance, and Helminton, Corn- 
wall; Malvern Hills, Worcestershire ; near Oswestry, Shropshire ; Bar- 
mouth and Cader Idris, Merionethshire; Conway Mt., and Cwm Idwal, 
Carnarvon; Anglesea; Cleveland, Yorkshire ; near Eglestone and Teesdale, 
Durham ; Kentmere, Westmoreland ; Cheviots, Northamberland. Moffat, 
Dunifriesshire; Dalmahoy Crags, near Edinburgh ; Barcaldine and Appin, 
Argyleshire ; Killin, Ben Lawers, Rannoch, near Dunkeld and Aber- 
nethy, Perthshire; Canlochan, Forfarshire; near Invereauld, Craig 
R2 
