250 LICHENACFI. [PARMELIA. 
subglobose, sulphureous soredia; beneath dark, with blackish 
rhizine ; laciniw narrow, multifid, somewhat convexo-compressed, 
incurved at the apices (K_, CaCl_). Apothecia small, reddish- 
brown, the margin subentire; spores 0,008-12 mm. long, 0,005-6 
mm. thick.—Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 202; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. it. 
p- 149; Mudd, Man. p. 102; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 34; Leight. Lich. 
FI. p. 140 pro parte, ed. 3, p.129 pro parte.—Lichen incurvus Pers. 
in Ust. Ann. vii. (1794) p. 24. Parmelia recurva Ach., Gray, Nat. 
Arr. i. p. 442; Hock. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 54. Lichen multifidus, Dicks. 
Crypt. fase. iii. p. 16, t. 9. f..7; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 28. 
Easily recognizable from the allied species by the incurved apices of the 
lacinie. The thallus, which is usually widely expanded, often becomes 
subcrustaceous and dark in the centre, where also, in very old plants, it 
sometimes decays like P. centrifuga, a plant not found in Great Britain. 
The apothecia are very rare in this country, and when present are not 
rightly developed. The spermogones, however, are frequent, giving the 
thallus a black punctate appearance, with spermatia 0,005-7 mm. long, 
about 0,001 mm. thick. 
Hab. On granitic rocks and boulders in subalpine and alpine places.— 
Distr. Local in 8.W. Ireland and S. Scotland ; more frequent among the 
N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; 
Craig Coinnoch, Glen Candlic, Ben-naboord, Morrone, and Upper Glen 
Dee (fruit), Braemar, Aberdeenshire. Dunkerron Mt., co. Kerry. 
c. Olivaceo-nigricantes.—Thallus normally olive-brown or 
brownish-black. 
20. P. acetabulum Dub. Bot. Gall. ii. (1830) p. 601.—Thallus 
orbicular, coriaceo-membranaceous, unequal or rugulose, subopaque, 
imbricato-lobed, glaucous- or lurid-olivaceous ; beneath paler and 
sparingly black-fibrillose ; lobes rounded, appressed at the circum- 
ference, ascending and undulate in the centro Ss owish: dined, 
CaCl1_). Apothecia moderate or large, rugose, badio-reddish, the 
margin crenulate, inflexed: spores 0,012-16 mm. long, 0,008-10 mm. 
thick.—Mudd, Man. p. 99; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p.35; Leight. Lich. 
Fl. p. 136, ed. 8, p. 125.—Licken acetabulum Neck. Delic. (1768) 
p. 506. Parmelia corrugata Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 438; Hook. Eng. 
Flv. p. 201. Lichen corrugatus Eng. Bot. t. 1652.  Lichenoides 
acetabulis cutaneis et rugosis Dill. Muse. 185, 6. 24. f. 79.— Brit. 
Exs.: Cromb. n. 142; Leight. n. 362. 
The thicker thallus, the larger lobes, and rugose apothecia readily dis- 
tinguish this from our other species of this subsection. Elsewhere it grows 
widely expanded, though this state is rare in Britain. The apothecia, which 
are not frequent in this country, become rather large in very oid plants. 
The spermoyones, generally very abundant, are at length confluent, and 
form rugosities on the thallus, with the sterigmata often branched and 
jointed, and the spermatia about 0,007 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick. 
Hab. On the trunks of old trees in woods and parks in lowland 
districts —Dist. Not general nor common throughout England, chiefly 
