258 LICHENACEI. [PARMELIA, 
ii. p. 383. Coralloides corniculatum, fuct tenwioris facie Dill. Muse. 
p. 118, t. 17. £. 37. 
Somewhat resembles a small Fucus, and has been placed by authors in 
different genera, though by some regarded as a proper genus. The typically 
depressed or subdepressed thallus, as observed by Nylander /.c., and the 
nature of the spermogones, induce us to refer it to Parmelia, near P. la- 
nata, to which in various respects it has a marked affinity. The thallus 
is closely and umbilicately affixed to the substratum, over which it occa- 
sionally spreads in large patches, though usually it occurs in small and 
scattered tufts. The apothecia, which are common, are subterminal on 
short deflexed ramules; the spermogones are numerous, prominent, with 
spermatia 0,005 mm. long, 0,001 mm. thick. 
Hab. On rocks and boulders in mountainous districts.—Distr. Local in 
W.and N. England and in Wales; more frequent in the Highlands, 
Scotland, especially on the N. Gate rare in S. W. Ireland.—B. M.: 
Dartmoor, Devonshire ; Malvern Hills, Worcestershire; Sugar Loaf Mt., 
Monmouthshire; The Glydirs, Snowdon, and Moel Siabod, Carnarvon- 
shire; Cader Idris, Merionethshire ; Eglestone, Durham; Crickley Scar, 
Yorkshire; Mardale, Westmoreland; The Cheviots, Northumberland; 
Ennerdale, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbrightshire ; Ben More, 
Ben Lawers, and Ben Vrackie, Perthshire ; Clova Mts., head of the White 
Water, and Katelaw, Forfarshire ; Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen; near 
Invercauld, Craig Coinnoch, Morrone, Glen Callater, Glen Dee, and Ben- 
naboord, Braemar; Ben Nevis, Inverness-shire. Dunkerron, co, Kerry. 
B. ERHIZINOS.—Thallus glabrous beneath (subgenus 
Hypogymnia Nyl. Flora, 1881, p. 537). 
30. P. physodes Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 250.—Thallus moderate 
or somewhat large, substellate, loosely adnate, smooth, imbricato- 
laciniate, glaucous-white; beneath brownish-black, paler at tho 
circumference, rugose, naked ;: laciniz multifid, linear, sinuate, some- 
what plane, the apices subinflated, imperforate (K {yellow, CaCl_> 
medulla K (CaCl)+red). Apothecia subpedicellate, moderate, badio- 
reddish, the margin entire ; spores 0,006-8 mm. long, 0,005-6 mm. 
thick— Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 56; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 204; 
Mudd, Man. p. 96; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 36; Leight. Lich. FI. 
p. 125, ed. 3, p. 116.—Physcia physodes Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 436. 
Lichen physodes Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) p. 1144; Huds. Fl. Angl. 
p. 447; Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 882: With. Arr. ed. 8, iv. p. 32; 
Eng. Bot. t. 126 (middle fig. pro parte). Lichenoides ceratophyllon 
obtusius et minus ramosum Dill. Muse. p. 154, t. 20. f. 49.4, B; in 
Ray, Syn. ed. 3, p. 76, n. 85.— Brit. Evs.: Leight. n. 48 pro parte ; 
Cromb. n. 31. 
Readily recognized by the naked under surface and the more or less 
inflated apices of the laciniz. The thallus is normally orbicular, but at 
length becomes expanded, varying considerably in the character of 
the lacinie, and thus presenting several forms and varieties. The apo- 
thecia are not cea in Britain; they are urceolate, and small when 
young, at length large, plane and flexuose. The spermogones are very 
