PARMELILA. | PARMELIEI. 259 
abundant and crowded in otherwise sterile specimens, and are minute, 
ag punctiform, with spermatia 0,006-7 mm. long, about 0,001 mm. 
ick. 
Hab. On trees and old walls in maritime and upland districts—Dists. 
Not general nor common throughout Great Britain ; probably occurs in 
Ireland ; fertile chiefly in the Grampians, Sootlands 8, M.: Hay Tor, 
Dartmoor, Devonshire; Gopsall Park, Leicestershire ; Black Edge, Bux- 
ton, and Cromford Moor, near Matlock, Derbyshire; Lickey Hills, Wor- 
cestershire ; Wrekin Hill, Shropshire; Stormy Down, Glamorganshire ; 
Nannau, near Dolgelly, Cwm Bychan, Garth, near Barmouth, Merioneth- 
shire; Island of Anglesea; Gateshead Fell, Durham ; near Kendal, West- 
moreland, Near Inverary, Argyleshire ; Crianlarich, Killin, Ben Lawers, 
and Moncrieffe Hill, Perthshire ; Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen ; Castleton, 
Morrone, and Glen Derry, Braemar; Rothiemurchus Woods, Inverness- 
shire ; Unst, Shetland. 
Form 1. labrosa Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 493.—Lacinie with 
the apices ascending, somewhat dilated, recurved and sorediate.— 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 86 pro parte.—Parmelia physodes f. recurva 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 126, ed. 3, p. 117. Parmelia physodes Tayl. 
in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 149. Lichen physodes Eng. Bot. t. 126 
(upper fig.). Lichenoides ceratophyllon obtusius et minus ramosum 
Dill. Muse. p. 154, t. 20. f. £9 o.—Brit. Hus.: Leight. n. 48 pro parte, 
n. 389; Mudd, n. 70; Cromb. n. 144; Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 290; 
Bohl. n. 13. 
Differs only in the recurved and sorediate apices of the laciniew. As 
noticed by Acharius /. ¢. these, in consequence of being ruptured beneath, 
dilated and inflated, present a pulverulent and verrucose small lip. It is 
a mere condition, depending on age or nature of habitat, and not a variety ; 
indeed it is difficult to find old specimens of the normal type of the species 
in which some of the lacinize have not these characters, so that Acharius 
subsequently (Syn. p. 218) with propriety regarded it as a mere state. 
The apothecia are for the most part plentiful, becoming large in old age. 
Hab. On trees, old pales, rocks and walls, in maritime and upland 
districts.—Distr. General and common in most parts of Great Britain, 
probably also of Ireland ; rare in the Channel Islands; fruiting freely in 
the Highlands, Scotland.—B. M.: Quenvais, Island of Jersey ; Island of 
Guernsey. Walthamstow and Epping Forest, Essex ; Millhill, Middle- 
sex; Ardingley Rocks, Sussex; New Forest, Hampshire; Withiel and 
Penzance, Cornwall; Sandy, Bedfordshire ; near Cambridge ; Charnwood 
Forest and Gopsall, Leicestershire ; Church Stretton, Wrekin Hill, and 
Stiperstones, Shropshire ; Cwm Bychan, Cader Idris, and near Dolgelly, 
Merionethshire ; Lounsdale, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; Windermere, West- 
moreland; Ennerdale, Cumberland. Dalry, Kirkcudbrightshire; near 
Glasgow ; Swanston Wood, Edinburgh; Killin and Ben Lawers, Perth- 
shire; Deerhill Wood, Forfarshire; Portlethen, Kincardineshire ; Coun- 
tesswells Woods, near Aberdeen; Invercauld, Morrone, and Glen Candlic, 
Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Rothiemurchus Woods and Glen Morriston, 
Inverness-shire; Forres, Elgin; Lairg, Sutherlandshire. Near Cork; 
Dunkerron, co. Kerry. 
Form 2. tubulosa Mudd, Man. (1861) p. 97.—Laciniw lax, 
ascending, tubulose, turgid and sorediate at the apices. Apothecia 
very rare.—Parmelia ceratophylla ¢. tubulosa Scher. Enum. (1850) 
B2 
