PARMELIA, ] PARMELIEL, 261 
31. P. vittata Nyl. Flora, 1875, p. 106.—Thallus somewhat ex- 
panded, lineari-laciniate, loosely adnate, smooth, greyish-glaucous ; 
beneath naked, black; lacinize elongate, divaricately divided, some- 
what plane, dark-brown or blackish atthe margins (KtY ellow CaCl_). 
Apothecia pedicellate, large, badio-reddish, the margin thin, entire 
or inflexed; spores 0,004—6 mm. long, 0,0035-45 mm. thick. —Cromb. 
Grevillea, xv. p. 76.—Parmelia physodes (3. vittata Ach. Meth. 
(1803) p. 251; Mudd, Man. p. 96 pro parte; Cromb. Lich. Brit. 
p. 36 pro parte; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 126 pro parte, ed. 3, p. 117 
pro parte. 
Formerly regarded by authors as a variety of P. physodes, but now 
separated by Nylander on account of the smaller spores and shorter sper- 
matia. The thallus does not apparently become sorediiferous at the 
apices of the laciniz, and in our specimens is of a glaucous-brown colour. 
Neither apothecia nor spermogones occur in Britain. These latter organs 
have the spermatia 0,0045 mm. long, 0,0006 mm. thick. 
Hab. On the ground in alpine places— Distr. Found only on one of 
the higher N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: Cairntoul, Braemar, Aber- 
deenshire. 
32. P. encausta Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 202.—Thallus suborbicular, 
appressed, corrugate, narrowly laciniate, unequal, greyish-white or 
greyish-glaucous; beneath black, naked: laciniz crowded, multifid, 
complicate, convex or somewhat rounded, only slightly inflated at 
the apices (K{yellow, CaCl_). Apothecia adnate, moderate or small, 
badio-reddish, the margin crenulate or subentire ; spores 0,007-10 
mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick.—Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 441; Hook. 
Fl. Scot. ii. p. 54; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 203; Mudd, Man. p. 97; 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 36.—Parmelia physodes var. encausta Leight. 
Lich. Fl. p. 127, ed. 3, p. 117. Lichen encaustus Sm. Trans. 
Linn. Soe. i. (1791) p. 83. 
Sometimes regarded as an alpine var. of P. physodes; but in the 
absence of any well-marked intermediate states it may be considered 
distinct. In regions where the plant is common, the thallus varies con- 
siderably in colour and in the character of the laciniz, but the very few 
British specimens are sufficiently typical. The apothecia are more or less 
scattered, at first concave, then plane, and in old plants flexuose. The 
spermogones are frequent, minute, black, with spermatia 0,007 mm. long, 
about 0,001 mm. thick. 
Hab. On granitic boulders in alpine places.—Distr. Found on one of 
the higher N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: Cairntoul, Braemar, Aber- 
deenshire. 
33. P. pertusa Scher. Spic. (1840) p. 457.—Thallus orbicular, 
plano-appressed, glabrous, sinuato-laciniate, glaucous-white; be- 
neath black, rugose, naked; lacinie multifid, convex, minutely 
perforate, dilated and crenato-incised at the apices (K7 yellow, 
CaCl~). Apothecia central, small, reddish-brown, the margin 
entire, inflexed; spores 2-4ne, 0,0045-60 mm. long, 0,022-28 
mm. thick.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 36; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 129, 
ed. 3, p. 120.—Lichen pertusus Schrank, Fl. Bavar. ii. (1789) 
