NEPHROMIUM. | PELTIGEREI. 283 
usually brownish ; hymenial gelatine bluish with iodine. Sper- 
mogones marginal, pale; spermatia somewhat incrassate at either 
apex, and obtuse. 
Distinguished from the allied genera by the position of the apothecia 
and the cortical layer being continuous on the nerveless under surface. 
When rhizine are present, they are composed of non-fasciculate filaments. 
Most of the European species and varieties occur in this country, though 
some of them only very sparingly. 
1. N. tomentosum Nyl. Mém. Soc. Cherb. v. (1857) p. 101, Syn. i. 
p. 319.—Thallus suborbicular, lobate or Jaciniato-lobate, glabrous or 
thinly tomentose, livid-glaucous or livid-chestnut or lurid-brown ; 
beneath pale, villose (medulla white, K—). Apothecia moderate, tes- 
taceo-red, or reddish-brown, the receptacle crenulato-unequal and 
villose at back ; spores colourless or brownish, 0,020—24 mm. long, 
0,006-7 mm. thick.—Carroll, Journ. Bot. 1865, p. 288; Cromb. 
Lich. Brit. p. 28; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 105, ed. 3, p. 99.—Peltigera 
tomentosa Hoffm. Deutsch. Fl. ii. (1795) p. 108. Nephroma resu- 
pinata Gray, Nat. Arr.i. p. 426; Hook. FI. Scot. ii. p. 61; Sm. Eng. 
Fl. v. p. 216. 
Readily distinguished by the villosity of the under surface of the 
thallus. The upper surface also is not unfrequently thinly tomentose, and 
sometimes also more or less sorediate, though these characters do not 
appear in our few British specimens. The apothecia are somewhat nume- 
rous, and the spermogones, which are occasionally present, have the sper- 
matia 0,005-6 mm. long, 0,0015 mm. thick. : 
Hab. On the trunks of old trees in rocky upland situations.—Distr. Very 
local and rare, on the N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: Craig Cluny, 
Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
Subsp. N. rameum Ny]. ex Norrl. Medd. Sillsk. F. et Fl. Fenn. i. 
(1876) p. 18.—Thallus smaller, thinner, somewhat broadly lobed, 
glaucous, lobules appressed, expanded ; the under surface pale, vil- 
lose, with white papille (pseudocyphelle). Apothecia smaller— 
Nephromium tomentosum var, rameum Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 106, ed. 3, 
p. 100. Mephroma rameum Scher. Enum. (1850) p. 18, t. ii. 
fig. 3. 
The more or less pseudo-cyphellate under surface (the papille usually 
being numerous) gives this the rank of a subspecies. The apothecia are 
smaller, but internally similar to those of the type. There are no spermo- 
gones on the only British specimen I have seen. 
Hab. On the branches of old trees (birches) in wooded upland districts. 
— Distr. Extremely local and rare on the N. Grampians, Scotland, in 
Braemar and (fide Leight. J. c.) Forfarshire ; not observed in recent years. 
—B. M.: Near Invercauld, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
2. N. levigatum Nyl. Mém. Soc. Cherb. t. v. (1857) p. 101, 
£yn. i, p. 320.—Thallus suborbicular, rotundato-lobed, smooth, 
subopaque, sinuato-crenate at the margins, chestnut- or livid- 
brown; beneath glabrous and slightly rugulose, pale (medulla 
