288 LICHENACEI. [PELTIGERA. 
ash-coloured upper surface, and its whitish under surface with long white 
rhizing. The lobes are of moderate size, though many usually compose 
an individual plant, which then spreads extensively. It is common in 
fruit, especially with younger apothecia, nor do these attain any great 
size in age. On the margins of the lobes pyenides are occasionally seen. 
These are tubercular, brownish-black, the conceptacle colourless beneath ; 
stylospores oblong, 0,009-0,012 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. thick (vide Nyl. 
Syn. i. t. 1. f, 27). : 
Hab. Among mosses on the ground, the tops of old walls, on boulders 
and about the roots of trees in lowland and upland situations.— Distr. 
General and common throughout Great Britain, and probably Ireland ; 
rare in the Channel Islands.—B. M.: Island of Guernsev. Epping Forest, 
Essex; New Forest, Hants; near Penzance and Withiel, Cornwall; 
ee Cambridgeshire ; Wychwood Forest, Oxfordshire ; Clee Hills, 
Shropshire; near Dolgelly, Merionethshire; Snowdon, Carnarvonshire ; 
Cleveland, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; The Cheviots, Northumber- 
land. New Galloway, Kirkeudbrightshire ; Barcaldine, Argyleshire ; 
Glen Lochay and Blair Athole, Perthshire; Durris, Kincardineshire ; 
Countesswells and Castleton of Braemar, Aberdeenshire; near Forres, 
Elginshire ; Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire; Applecross, Ross-shire. Near 
Belfast, co. Antrim; Killarney, co. Kerry. 
Var. 8. membranacea Nyl. Syn. i. (1860) p. 324.—Thallus 
thinner, more glabrous (subtomentellose), roundly lobed, the fertile 
lobes short. Apothesia small.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 29; Leight. 
Lich. Fl. p. 108.—Peltidea canina y. membranacea Ach. Lich. Univ. 
(1810) p. 518.—Brit. Evs.: Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 45. 
Distinguished by the thallus and apothecia, the characters of which, 
according to Nylander zm /itt., entitle it probably to rank as a subspecies 
(cfr. Zw. Lich. Heidel. p. 29). It is not frequent in fruit, and even 
when present the apothecia are but few. 
Hab. Among mosses on the ground in shady places in maritime, low- 
land, and upland districts.— Distr. Not very general, though common 
where it occurs in Great Britain, and perhaps also in Ireland.—B. M. : 
Near Penzance, Cornwall; Hyde Park, London (olim); Barmouth, 
Merionethshire; near Conway, Carnarvonsbire; Island of Anglesea; 
Patterdale, Cumberland. Barcaldine, Argyleshire; Killin and Blair 
Athole, Perthshire; Strathmartin, Forfarshire ; Corriemulzie, Braemar, 
Aberdeenshire. Rostellan, co. Cork; Kylemoré, Connemara, co. Galway. 
3. P. rufescens Hoffm. Deutsch. FI. ii. (1795) p. 107.—Thallus 
moderate, somewhat thickish, subtomentellose, roundly lobed, crisp, 
greenish- or greyish-brown when moist, pale, pale-cervine or 
greyish-red when dry; beneath with thick coarse dark or brownish 
nerves and few rhizine. Apothecia moderate, rotundato-oblong, at 
length revolute, red or brownish-red, the margin denticulate ; spores 
elongato-fusiform, 3-d-septate, 0,042-72 mm. long, 0,004-5 mm. 
thick.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 29; Leight. Lich. Fl: p. 108, ed. 3, 
p. 102.-—Peltigera canina B. rufescens Mudd, Man. p. 82. Peltidea 
rufescens Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 60; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 216. Lichen 
rufescens Eng. Bot. t. 2300; With. Arr. ed, 3, iv. p. 405; Lichen 
rufus (errore) p. 70. Lichen caninus B. rufescens Lightf. Fl. Scot. 
ii. (1777) p. 846; Huds, Fl. Angl. ed. 2, p. 547. Peltidea crispa 
