PHYSCIA. | PHYSCIET. 313 
Form exempta Fr. fil. Lich. Scand. (1871) p. 140.—Lacinie 
shorter, broader, imbricate, naked or very sparingly and shortly 
ciliate ; otherwise as above.—Parmelia tenella var. ecempta Tayl. in 
Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 147. Borrera tenella y. exemta Ach. Lich. 
Univ. (1810) p. 499.—As noticed by Taylor, J. ¢., his specimen was 
referred by Borrer to P. erosa. 
Seems to be merely a modification of the type, from which it is distin- 
guished, at least as a well-marked form, by the characters of the lacinix. 
Our only British specimen is sterile. 
Hab. On the trunks of willows in upland situations.—Distr, Seen only 
sparingly from 8.W. Ireland.—B. M.: Ballynegarde, co, Limerick. 
14. P. aipolia Nyl. Flora, 1870, p. 38.—Thallus orbicular, stel- 
lari-appressed, multifido-laciniate, whitish ; beneath concolorous with 
greyish-brown rhizine ; lacinie somewhat plane, narrow, subcon- 
tiguous, discrete, and with the apices crenulate at the circumference 
(K{yellow, CaCl_). Apothecia submoderate, somewhat convex, 
brownish-black, czesio-pruinose or naked, the thalline margin entire ; 
spores 0,016-26 mm. long, 0,008-11 mm. thick.—Cromb. Journ. 
Bot. 1870, p. 97.—Lnehen aipolius Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 112. 
Physcia stellaris var. acrita Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 39. P. aipoka 
form acrita Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. p. 571. Lichen 
stellaris Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 448 (ex specimine in Herb. Huds.). 
Lichenoides cinereum, seqmentis angustis stellatis, scutellis nigris 
Dill. Muse. 176, t. 23. f. 70, a, 3. 
Frequently not distinguished, even as a variety, from the preceding, to 
which it is subsimilar. The planer, more divided laciniw, which are 
discrete at the circumference, and especially the positive reaction of the 
medulla, well characterize it and raise it to its Acharian specific rank. 
In its typical condition (a, acrita Ach. Lich. Univ. p..477) the thallus is 
entirely smooth in a young state, but at length becomes slightly rugose 
in the centre. It is usually well fertile, the apothecia being chiefly 
central. 
Hab. On the trunks and branches of trees in cultivated tracts, often in 
orchards, rarely on old pales, very rarely on calcareous walls, of maritime, 
lowland, and upland districts—Distr, Rather local in 8. and N. England, 
N. Wales, the S.W., Central, and N. Highlands of Scotland, and in N.W. 
Ireland.—B. M.: Near Lewes, Sussex; Shanklin, Isle of Wight; Ilsham 
Valley, Torquay, 8. Devon ; Penzance, Cornwall; Hafod, Cardiganshire ; 
Dolgelly, Merionethshire ; near Kendal, Westmoreland. Appin, Argyle- 
shire; Killin and foot of Ben Lawers, Perthshire ; Castleton of Braemar, 
Aberdeenshire ; Applecross, Ross-shire. Kylemore and Lough Inagh, 
Connemara, co. Galway. 
Var. 3. anthelina Cromb. Grevillea, xv. (1887) p. 78.—Thallus 
narrowly laciniate, beneath with black rhizine; lacinie more dis- 
crete, somewhat convex. Apothecia submoderate, crowded or scat- 
tered, at length slightly convex, the thalline margin entire.— 
