GYROPTORA. ] GYROPHOREI. 331 
_A very distinct species having a general resemblance to G. erosa, but 
differing in the upper surface being papuloso-rugulose and imperforate, 
and in the lower being darker, egranulose, and lacunose. It is also fur- 
ther separated by the reaction of the medulla. It is usually fertile, the 
apothecia being numerous and very variable according to age. 
Hab. On rocks and large boulders in alpine situations.— Distr. Not yet 
with certainty gathered, except on a few of the higher Grampians, Scot- 
land.—B. M.: Ben More, Breadalbane, Perthshire ; Lochnagar, Morrone, 
and Ben-naboord, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; Ben Nevis, Lochaber, Inver- 
ness-shire, 
7. G. arctica Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 106, t. 2. f. 6.—Thallus mono- 
phyllous, moderate or somewhat large, thick, rigid, slightly lobed, 
irregularly crenate and reflexed at the margins, crowdedly granulato- 
corrugate, brownish or blackish-brown, often pale greyish; beneath 
minutely granulato-rimulose, pale, blackish in the centre (K—, CaCl 
bred)" Apothecia at length convex, gyroso-complicate; spores 
0,012-16 mm. long, 0,006-8 mm. thick.—Turn. & Borr. Lich. Brit. 
p. 225; Eng. Bot. t. 2485; Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 477.—Gyrophora 
proboscidea B. arctica Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 217. Gyrophora hyperborea 
B. arctica Mudd, Man. p.117. Umbilicaria aretica Cromb. Lich. 
Brit. p. 40; Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 157, ed. 3, p.145. Umbilicaria 
varia 6. arctica Leight. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xviii. p. 283, 
Lichenoides atrum, Corii Persici instar ewasperatum Dill. Muse. 220, 
t. 30. f. 119. 
By some authors (as subsequently by Acharius himself, Syn. p. 65) 
this has been regarded only as a variety of G. proboscidea ; while others 
have viewed it as being a variety rather of G. hyperborea, with which it 
agrees in the reaction of the medulla. From both of these, however, it 
is sufficiently separated by the characters of the thallus to entitle it to 
specific rank. The few British specimens are only of moderate size, 
though sufficiently typical. With us the apothecia are extremely rare, 
and have only once been met with. 
Hab. On rocks in alpine situations.—Distr. Found only with certainty 
on one or two of the Scottish Grampians in Braemar.—B. M.: Ben- 
naboord, Aberdeenshire, 
8. G. polyphylla Turn. & Borr. Lich. Br. (1839) p. 214.—Thallus 
monophyllous or polyphyllous, small or moderate, somewhat rigid, 
smooth or subsmooth, irregularly lobed, black or brownish-black ; 
beneath naked, smooth, black (K_, CaCl) ¢ agin) Apothecia 
small, at first plane, thinly margined, at length convex, immar- 
ginate, only slightly gyroso-plicate; spores 0,0138-18 mm. long, 
0,007-8 mm. thick.—Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 217; Mudd, Man. p. 116, 
t. ii. f. 36; Cromb. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xvii. p. 576.— Gyrophora 
glabra B. polyphylla Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 476; Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 
p. 41. Umbilicaria polyphylla Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 41; Leight. 
Lich. Fl. p. 155, ed. 3, p. 148. Umbilicaria varia a. polyphylla 
Leight. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xviii. p. 278. Lichen poly- 
phyllus Linn, Sp. Pl. (1753) p. 1150; Huds. Fl. Angl. p. 455 ; 
Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 863; With. Nat. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 65; Eng. 
