340 LICHENACEI. [PANNULARIA. 
57. PANNULARIA Nyl. Flora, 1879, p. 360, J. c. 1882, p. 458. 
—Thallus squamulose or granulose. Apothecia biatorine, rarely 
lecideine ; spores 8ne, ellipsoid or oblong, simple or variously sep- 
tate, colourless; hymenial gelatine 
variously tinged with iodine. 
Spermogones with spermatia as 
in the preceding genus, but 
sometimes shorter. 
Differs from Pannaria in the less 
developed thallus and the ditferent 
type of the apothecia, though 
occasionally these have a lecanoroid 
appearance. In some respects it 
might not inappropriately be re- 
ferred to the subtribe of the Lecidee?, 
but its true affinities are rather with 
Pannaria. 
Fig. 56. 
1. P. lepidiota Nyl. ex Stiz. 
St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1882, p. 336, Pannularia nigra Nyl.—a. Vertical 
—Thallus __ microlepideo-squa- fia na ao F pean 
mulose, lurid, lurid-brown or 350, ¢. Spores, x 500. 4 Tri. 
cervine; squamules moderate, septate spores of P. psotina Nyl., 
imbricato-congested, firm, crenu- x 500. 
late, often ascending at the margin, whitish beneath, more congested, 
smaller and granulato-crenulate in the centre. Apothecia biatorine, 
nearly moderate, plane or convex, dark-red or brown, internally pale- 
whitish ; spores ellipsoid, simple, 0,015-23 mm. long, 0,008-12 mm. 
thick ; hymenial gelatine at first faintly bluish, then wine-red with 
iodine.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 43.—Lecidea carnosa B. lepidiota 
Somm. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. (1826) p. 174. Lichenotdes granosum 
subglaucum, tuberculis planis nigricantibus Dill. Muse, 544, t. 82. 
f. 2. 
Looks as if intermediate between Pannaria rubigtnosa var. 8 and the 
following species, but is separated from the former by the biatorine apo- 
thecia, and from the latter by the more developed thallus and the larger 
spores. The thallus in its more typical state is pulvinato-acervulate with 
the squamules thickish and granulato-crenate; but it is often for the 
greater part granulose and lurid-ceesious in the centre. The apothecia 
are elsewhere sometimes crowned with the thalline granules, and thus 
have a lecanoroid aspect. The only British specimen seen is sparingly 
fertile. 
Hab. Overspreading decayed mosses on the ground in alpine situations, 
—Distr. Extremely loca] and scarce on one of the 8. Grampians, Scot- 
land.—B. M.: Above Loch-na-Gat, Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 
2. P. microphylla Nyl. ex Stiz. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1882, p. 336.— 
Thallus subdeterminate, squamuloso-crustaceous, areolato-diffract, 
cervine or livid-grey ; squamules minute, crenate, closely imbricate, 
often whitish at the margins; hypothallus brownish-black. Apo- 
thecia small, biatorine, usually convex, brownish or reddish, intern- 
