342 LICHENACEI. [PANNULARIA. 
Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 142. Lichen microphyllus Eng. Bot. 
t. 2128.— Brit. Zxs.: Cromb. n. 153, 
Externally subsimilar to P. mcrophylla, but differs in the less firm, 
squamulose thallus, and more especially in the infuscate hypothecium. 
It forms a thin or thinnish crust, with the — at first plane and 
aduate on the hypothallus, becoming at length granulose and diffract, the 
squamules being visible only at the immediate circumference. The 
thallus varies somewhat in colour according to situation, becoming more 
or less blackish, whence form nzgricans Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 1538. 
The apothecia are scattered and occasionally darker in colour, but are 
seldom present in our specimens. 
Hab, On the trunks of old trees in wooded upland districts. —Distr. 
Somewhat local, though plentiful where it occurs in the mountainous 
. tracts of W. Britain and 8S.W. Ireland.—B. M.: Near Lydford, Hustyn’s 
Wood, and Lynton, Devonshire; St. Breock, Cornwall; Barmouth, Cwm 
Bychan, and Harlech, Merionethshire; Beddgelert, Carnarvonshire ; 
Island of Anglesea. Kentmere, Westmoreland. New Galloway, Kirk- 
cudbrightshire ; Inverary, Barcaldine, and Appin, Argyleshire; Crianla- 
rich, Loch Katrine, and Glen Lochay, Perthshire; Craig Cluny, Braemar, 
Aberdeenshire ; Glen Ach-na-Shilloch, Ross-shire. Glen Bower Woods 
and Glengariff, co. Cork; Turk Mt. and Dinish, Killarney, co. Kerry. 
Var. 6. incrassata Nyl. ew Lamy, Bull. Soc. Bot. t. xxv. (1878) 
p. 889.—Thallus thick, densely coralloideo-stipate, brownish-black ; 
hypothallus spongioso-rhizinose. Apothecla very rare, convex, 
brownish-black.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 44.—Pannaria tripto- 
phylla var. incrassata Nyl. Not. Sallsk. pro F. et Fl. F. Forh. v. 
(1866) p. 124. Pannaria lasiella Stirt. Scot. Nat. iv. p. 164. 
Distinguished by the darker, much thicker thallus (4-6 mm. wae and 
by the peculiar hypothallus. It has only recently been met with in a 
fertile condition. 
Hab. On the trunks of old ash trees, rarely on mossy ground amon 
rocks, in upland wooded districts.—Distr. Local and scarce in the 8.W. 
Highlands, and among the 8. and N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: Glen 
Creran, Barcaldine, Argyleshire (/rt.); Glen Lochay, Killin, Perth- 
shire. 
4. P. nigra Nyl. ew Stiz. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1882, p. 336.— 
Thallus subdeterminate, minutely coralloidéo-granuloso-crustaceous, 
usually diffracto-areolate, thinnish, dark-greyish-black, brownish- 
black or black; hypothallus bluish-black: Apothecia lecideine, 
small, plane or slightly convex, black, internally pale-whitish, the 
margin entire, concolorous ; spores ellipsoid, 1-septate (or simple 
and oleoso-locular), 0,011-18 mm. long, 0,005-7 mm. thick ; hypo- 
thecium brownish-black, paraphyses thick ; hymenial gelatine deep- 
bluish and then dark-violet with iodine-——Cromb. Grevillea, xii. 
p- 58.—Pannaria nigra Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 43; Leight. Lich. Fl. 
p. 168, ed. 3, p. 154. Lecotheecium nigrum Mass., Mudd, Man. p. 175 
pro parte. Collema nigrum 8m. Eng. Fl.v. p. 207; Tayl. in Mack. 
Fl. Hib. ii. p.107. Placynthium nigrum Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 895. 
Lichen niger Huds, FL. Angl. ii. (1778) p: 524; With. Arr. iv. p. 10; 
Eng. Bot. t. 1161.—Brit. Lvs.: Leight. ri. 366. 
