366 LICIENACEL. [LECANORA. 
20. L. Lallavei Nyl. ew Stiz. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 1880, p. 347. 
—thallus determinate, thickish, smooth, rimoso-areolate, subeffigu- 
rate at the circumference, chalky-white (K—). Apothecia small, 
subinnate, at first lecanorine with thin thalline margin, at length 
biatorine and immarginate, bright-rusty- or blood-red (K+dark 
crimson); spores ellipsoideo-oblong, polari-bilocular, 0,008-12 mm. 
long, 0,004-7 mm. thick—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 46; Leight. Lich. 
Fl. p. 223, ed. 3, p. 212 (pro parte).—Callopisma Lallavet Muda, 
Man. p. 189, t. ii. f. 44. Lecidea Lallavei Clem. Hiss. (1807) 
p. 295. 
Allied to the preceding species, but differs in the more tartareous, milk- 
white thallus, and the at first lecanovine apothecia. The thallus is 
sometimes described as limited by a thin, dark hypothallus, but this 
apparently belongs to a plant with which, at times, it grows associated. 
The apothecia are numerous and often créwded. 
Hab. On calcareous rocks and walls in maritime districts Dist. Seen 
only very sparingly from 8. and §.W. England and S8.E. Ireland — 
B. M.: Isle of Wight, Hampshire; St. Austell, Cornwall. Lower Glan- 
mire Road, co. Cork. 
Subgen. 5. LEPROPLACA Nyl. Flora, 1883, p. 107.—Thallus 
leprose, soft, vitelline, sublobate. Apothecia and spermogones un- 
known. 
Entirely leprarioid, having much the same relation to Placodium as 
Leproloma to Amphiloma. 
21. L. xantholyta Nyl. Flora, 1879, p. 361.—Thallus subleprose, 
thin, crenulato-subeffigurate at the circumference, golden-citrine- 
coloured (K+ purplish), internally white——Cromb. Grevillea, viii. 
p. 112, xviii. p. 45. 
While in some respects allied to L. cirrochroa, with which it occasionally 
grows associated (as alxo with L. callopisma), it at once differs in being 
internally white. The thallus spreads extensively over the substratum 
and is always sterile. 
Hab. On shady calcareous rocks in maritime and upland districts. 
Distr. Local, though plentiful where it occurs, in S.W., Central, and 
N. England, N. Wales, and the Central Highlands of Seotland.—B. M.: 
Swanage, Dorsetshire ; Anstey’s Cove, Torquay, Devonshire ; Bath- 
ampton Downs, Gloucestershire; Buxton, Derbyshire; View Edge, 
near Stokesay, Shropshire ; Great Orme’s Head, Carnarvonshire; Scout 
Scar, Westmoreland. Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire. 
Subgen. 6. CANDELARIA (Mass.), Nyl. Flora, 1881, p. 454 
(cfr. Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 45).—Thallus subeffigurate or en- 
tirely granulose, yellow or vitelline. Apothecia lecanorine; spores 
8ne or numerous (12-16-32ne), ellipsoid, simple or apically 
bilocular, rarely 1-septate; hymenial gelatine not tinged, but the 
apices of the thece bluish with iodine. Spermogones with long 
simple sterigmata and straight spermatia. 
