382 LICHENACEL, [LECANORA. 
numerous, though elsewhere it often occurs sterile (fide Fr. fil. Lich. 
Scand. p. 174), m which condition it has probably been overlooked in our 
country, 
Hab. On shady rocks in upland situations.—Distr. Local and scarce in 
N. England and N.W. Iveland.—B. M.: Newton, Cleveland, Yorkshire ; 
Levens Park, Westmoreland; Chollerford, Northumberland. Near Lough 
Corrib and Great Killery, co. Galway. 
Form cyanopolia Nyl. Not. Sallsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. Forh. n. s. 
v. (1866) p. 128.—Thallus subleprose or depresso-granulate and 
rimoso-diffract, sordid greyish or sometimes ceesio-bluish. Apothecia 
lecanorine, somewhat concave, at length biatorine, pale-yellowish- 
orange.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 46.—Zecanora cerina f. eyano- 
polia Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 211.—Brit. Exs.: Larb. Lich. Hb. 
n. 23. 
Apparently referable to this subspecies, with which it agrees in habitat, 
but differs in colour and in the thalline margin of the apothecia being at 
length excluded. Our only specimen seen is well fertile. 
Hab, On wet stones in upland districts.—Distr. Only sparingly in 
N.W. Ireland.—B. M.: Between Lough Feagh and Lough Muck, ee 
nemara, Galway. 
Subsp. 2. L. hematites Nyl. Mém. Soc. Cherb. v. (1857) p. 112.— 
Thallus subeffuse or determinate, contiguous, verruculose, greyish ; 
hypothallus bluish. Apothecia submoderate, plane, rusty-red, the 
thalline margin thickish, persistent.—Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 46. 
—Lecanora hematites Charb. in St. Am. Fl. Agen. (1821) p. 492; 
Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 212.— Brit. Has.: Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 56, 
Often regarded as a distinct species, but scarcely with propriety, since 
it differs from the type chiefly in the colour of the apothecia. The thallus 
is somewhat small, often confused with and at times limited by the hypo- 
thallus. The apothecia, in the few specimens seen, are numerous and 
crowded. 
Hab. On the smooth bark of young trees and their branches, chiefly 
in orchards, in maritime and lowland districts—Distr. Found only 
sparingly in 8.W., E., and W. England; no doubt to be detected 
elsewhere.—B. M.: Isham, Torquay, 8S. Devon; Cherry Hinton, Cam- 
bridgeshire ; near Worcester. 
43. L. cerinella Ny]. Bull. Soc. Bot. t. xiii. (1866) p. 370; Flora, 
1872, p. 427.—Thallus thin, sordid-greyish, little visible (K+ 
yellowish). Apothecia minute, subbiatorine, bright-yellow (K+: 
purplish); spores 8-12-16ne, ellipsoid, indistinctly bilocular, with 
thin septum, 0,009-0,011 mm. long, 0,005-6 mm. thick.—Cromb. 
Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 273. 
Looks as if it were a small variety of Z. cerina, but is distinct by the 
minute apothecia and the pluri-spored thece, On the application of K, 
the spores at once assume a placodine form, and are seen to be polari- 
bilocular with longitudinal tube. 
