416 LICHENACEI. [LRCANORA. 
Staveley, Westmoreland; Alston, Cumberland. Dalmahoy Hill, near 
Edinburgh ; Appin, Argyleshire; The Trossachs, Perthshire; Baldovan, 
Poianhie near Portlethen, Kincardineshire. Lambay Island, co. 
ork, 
Form pulicaris Nyl. ex Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. (1890) p. 68.— 
Thallus very thin or obsolete, whitish. Apothecia small, plane, at 
length convex ; the thalline margin thin, entire, whitish.— Lecanora 
pulearis Ach. Syn. (1814) p. 336. Patellaria pulicaris Pers. Act. 
Wetteraw. ii. (1810), fide Ach. lc. 
The few British specimens are entirely ecrustaceous, and are limited 
throughout by black hypothalline (?) lines. The apothecia are numerous, 
though not crowded. 
Hab. On old fir palings in upland mountainous districts —Distr. Very 
local among the Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: Blair Athole, Perthshire; 
Crathie, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
94. L. gangaleoides Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 354.—Thallus sub- 
determinate, verrucoso-areolate, greyish-white (K+ yellow, CaCl — ). 
Apothecia moderate, sessile, plane, crowded, black; the thalline 
margin thin, entire ; pvraphyses moderate, epithecium not inspersed ; 
spores 0,012-15 mm. long, 0,007-8 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine 
bluish, the thece at length wine-coloured with iodine-—Cromb. 
Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 360; Leight. Lich. Fl. ed. 3, p. 189.—Z. sub- 
fusca forma gangalea (non Ach.) Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 202, ed. 3, 
p. 187, may be this pro parte.— Brit. Evs.: Larb. Lich. Hb. n. 19. 
Like the preceding apt to be confounded with Z. atra, from which it 
is distinguished by the internal colour of the apothecia and by the arcuate 
spermatia. From ZL. coilocarpa, which it more closely approaches, it differs 
chietly in the darker apothecia and the thicker paraphyses. Its 
nearest ally is LZ. atrynea, of which Nylander /. c. says it may probably 
be a variety distinguished by the colour of the apothecia and 
the reaction of the hymenial gelatine. The apothecia are often crowded, 
with the thalline margin occasionally slightly inflexed. The spermogones 
are frequent, with spermatia 0,020-30 mm. long, 0,0005 mm. thick. 
Hab. On rocks and wails in hilly and mountainous regions.—Distr. 
Seen only from a few localities in N. England, the Scottish Highlands, 
and N.W. Ireland—B. M.: N. Derbyshire ; Bearmoor, Northumberland ; 
Llanbedrog, Carnarvonshire ; Wastdale, Cumberland. Achosragan Hill, 
Appin, Argyleshire ; Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perthshire. Letter 
Ho and Ballinakill, Connemara, co. Galway. 
Subsp. L. schistina Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 429.—Thallus deter- 
minate, continuous, smooth, rugulose, areolato-rimose, glaucous- 
white. Apothecia moderate or somewhat large, black, opaque; the 
thalline margin at length flexuose, white; spores 0,011-l14 mm. 
long, 0,006-8 mm. thick.—-Cromb. Grevillea, xviii. p. 68.—JL. 
schistina Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1182, p. 274. 
Differs from the type more especially in the smoother deplanate thallus 
