450 LICHENACEI. [LECANORA. 
mules) sublobulato-concrescent or sub-dispersed (K+ yellowish, 
then blood-red, CaCl—). Apothecia moderate, plane, occasionally 
slightly convex, brown or reddish-brown, the thalline margin 
entire, at length excluded; spores oblong or cylindrico-oblong, 
simple, 0,021-27 mm. long, 0,006-7 mm. thick ; hymenial gela- 
tine bluish, then wine-red with iodine. 
A very distinct species of which the type does not occur in this 
country, but only the following form, which seems to descend from var. 
castanea (Hepp), Nyl., also unknown in Britain. 
Form curvescens Nyl. Not. Sillsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. Forh. 
n. ser. v. (1866) p. 135 (nota).—Thallus very thin, minutely gra- 
nuloso-squamulose, dark reddish-brown. Apothecia with the 
thalline margin often inflexed ; spores fusiform, at times spuriously 
1-3-septate, occasionally somewhat curved, 0,030-34 mm. long, 
0,005-6 mm. thick.—Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 53; Leight. Lich. Fl. 
p. 214, ed. 8, p. 199.—Pannarta curvescens Mudd, Man. (1861) 
p. 125, t. 2. f. 38. 
The thallus is visible only here and there upon the substratum, from 
which, when less developed, it is scarcely distinguishable. The apothecia 
are but sparingly present, with the thalline margin at length obliterated. 
Hab. Encrusting mosses (Andreas and Grimmias) in an alpine situa- 
tion.— Distr, Extremely local and rare on one of the 8. Grampians, Scot- 
land.—B. M.: Summit of Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 
G. Apothecia lecanorine ; spores 8n2, simple, colourless. Spermo- 
gones with simple sterigmata and long straight spermatia. 
144, L. atra Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 334 (excl. vars. 8, y) ; 
Nyl. Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. sér. 3, t.i. p.336.—Thallus determinate, 
somewhat thick, granulate or verrucoso-unequal, whitish or greyish- 
white (K+ yellowish, CaCl—); hypothallus thin, blackish, limiting 
the thallus. Apothecia moderate, sessile, plane or slightly convex, 
black, internally blackish ; the thalline margin entire or subcrenu- 
late, often flexuose; spores ellipsoid, 0,010-15 mm. long, 0,006-8 
mm. thick; paraphyses robust, not discrete, violet-coloured, darker 
at the apices; hymenial gelatine bluish with iodine.—Hook. Fi. 
Scot. ii. p. 47; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 186; Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. 
p. 188; Mudd, Man. p. 145 pro parte; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 54; 
Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 194, ed. 3, p. 177.—Rinodina atra Gray, Nat. 
Arr, i. p. 449. Lnehen ater, Huds. Fl. Angl. i. (1762) p. 445; 
Lightf. Fl. Scot. ii. p. 813; With. Arr. ed. 3, iv. p. 18; Eng. Bot. 
t. 949. Lnchenoides crustaceum et leprosum, scutellis nigricantibus 
majoribus et minoribus, Dill. in Ray, Syn. 71, 43 pro parte, Muse. 
133, t. 18. f. 15 a.— Brit. Exvs.:; Larb. Lich. Hb. nos. 16, 54. 
Much resembles L. subfusca var. cotlocarpa and L. gangaleoides, which 
are frequently mixed up with it in Herbaria. From both of these, how- 
