LECANORA. | LECANO-LECIDEEI. 451 
ever, it is at once distinguished by the colour internally of the apothecia 
and by that of the paraphyses. The thallus varies somewhat in thick- 
ness and is often winely expanded, The apothecia are generally nume- 
rous and somewhat crowded. The spermogones also are frequent, with 
spermatia long, slender, somewhat straight, 0,018-26 mm. long. 
Hab. On rocks, walls, and the trunks of trees from maritime to sub- 
alpine regions.—Distr. General and common in Great Britain, as no 
doubt also in Ireland. Apparently rare in the Channel Islands.—B. M.: 
Island of Sark. Near Yarmouth, Suffolk; Reigate Hill, Surrey; Lydd 
Beach, Kent; New Forest, Hants; Ilsham Walk, Torquay, Devonshire ; 
St. Minver, Cornwall; Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Cheveley Park and 
near Newmarket, Cambridgeshire; Worcester and Malvern Hills, Wor- 
cestershire ; Woodfield, Monmouthshire; Dolgelly, Merioneth; Island 
of Anglesea; Oswestry, Shropshire; Staveley Head, Westmoreland ; 
St. Bees and Alston, Cumberland. Near Glasgow; Barcaldine and Appin, 
Argyleshire ; West Water, Fifeshire; Loch Tay, Craig Tulloch, Ben 
Lawers, and Kinnoul Hill, Perthshire; Portlethen, Kincardineshire ; 
Hill of Ardo, near Aberdeen. Near Cork; Killaloe, co. Clare; Dawros, 
Connemara, co. Galway. 
Var. 6 grumosa Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 344.—Thallus 
rimoso-granulate, cesio-greyish, leproso-fatiscent. Apothecia de- 
pressed, subrimate.—Lichen grumosus, Pers.in Ust. Ann. xi. (1794) 
p. 15. 
Differs in the characters given of the thallus (which is usually thickish) 
and of the apothecia. It is probably connected with the type by inter- 
mediate states. 
Hab. On rocks and walls in (?) maritime and upland districts —Distr. 
Only from two localities in 8. Wales and N.W. England, though I believe 
I have seen it also in N.E. Scotland (near Cove, Kincardineshire).—B. M. 
Woodfield, Monmouthshire; Brougham Castle, Westmoreland. 
? Var. y. subbyssoidea Stirt. Trans. Glasg. Soc. Nat. 1875, p. 85. 
—Thallus granulose, greyish-black or nearly black, effigurate at 
the circumference; hypothallus white, subbyssoid.—Leight. Lich. 
FI, ed. 3, p. 178. 
Doubtfully referable to this species, as I have indicated in Grevillea, 
xviii. p. 70. It is at once separated by the colour of the hypothallus, and 
is most probably referable to L. ganyaleoides.’ I have, however, seen no 
specimen. 
Hab. On rocks in an upland situation.—Dist. Only among the Central 
Grampians, Scotland (Blair Athole, Perthshire), 
H. Apothecia lecanorine; spores 8nz, simple, colourless ; hymenial 
gelatine bluish with iodine. Spermogones with jointed sterig- 
mata and bacillar spermatia. 
145, L. badia Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 407.—Thallus inde- 
terminate, granulato-areolate or subsquamulose, olive-brown or 
dark-greyish-brown, somewhat shining (K —, CaCl—) ; hypothallus 
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