LECANORA. ] LECANO-LECIDEEI. 457 
very young state, though in alpine habitats it is'more or less persistent. 
The spermogones are frequent, prominent, agglomerate, black, and look 
almost like foreign apothecia. On the thallus there is occasionally a 
parasitic Endococcus afterwards to be described. 
Hab. On exposed rocks and boulders, granitic and schistose, rarely red 
sandstone from upland to alpine situations Distr, General in the more 
mountainous regions of Great Britain, abundant on the Grampians, 
Scotland; apparently very rare in Ireland; not seen in the Channel 
Islands.—B. M.: Pew Tor, Dartmoor, Devonshire; Clee Hills, Shrop- 
shire; Moel-y-Golfa, Montgomeryshire; Cader Idris, Merionethshire; 
Penmaenmawr, Trefriw and Moel Siabod, Carnarvonshire; Kildale 
Moor and Dent, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; Gunnerton Crags, 
Northumberland. North Berwick Law, Berwickshire; Achosragan fill 
and Ben Cruachan, Argyleshire; Ben Lawers, Ben Vrackie, and Birnam 
Hill, Perthshire; Katelaw, Clova, Forfarshire; Hills at Nigg, Aber- 
deenshire ; Lochnagar, Morrone, and Glen Callater, Braemar; Ben 
Nevis, Inverness-shire ; Hills of Applecross, Ross-shire. Co. Wicklow. 
Form levigata Johns. ea Cromb. Grevillea, xix. (1891) p. 60.— 
Thallus areolato-diffract, substramineous; the areole smooth, equal. 
Apothecia small, depressed. 
Differs in the characters given, and may be a good variety. The 
specimen seen is too fragmentary, however, for deciding the point. 
Hab. On rocks in an en district.— Distr. Extremely local and 
scarce in N. England—B. M.: Bowness Knolt, Ennerdale Lake, Cum- 
berland. 
Var. 6. subfestiva Nyl. in Cromb. Lich. Brit. (1870) p. 57.— 
Thallus thickish, verrucoso-granulate, yellow-greyish. Apothecia 
small, plane, usually more or less aggregate, rusty-red, biaturoid, 
the proper margin thin, often inflexed, paler red.—Cromb. Linn. 
Soc. Journ. Bot. xi. p. 490. 
Differs in the colour of the smaller apothecia which look almost like 
those of L. ferruginea var. festiva, for which, but for the different 
thallus, the plant might readily be mistaken. It is only sparingly fertile, 
the apothecia being scarcely prominent. 
Hab. On schistose boulders in a mountainous district.— Distr. Found 
only very sparingly on one of the N. Grampians, Scotland.—B. M.: 
Morrone, Braemar, Aberdeenshire. 
L, Apothecia urceolato-zeorine ; spores distinctly 3-septate ; hyme- 
nial gelatine bluish with iodine. Spermogones unknown. 
153. L. rubra Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 389.—Thallus effuse, 
thin, granuloso-pulverulent, white or glaucous-white (K —,CaCl—); 
hypothallus whitish, little visible. Apothecia moderate, adnate, 
concave, rosy-red or reddish flesh-coloured, occasionally slightly 
pruinose, the thalline margin rugoso-crenulate ; spores oblong or 
oblongo-ellipsoid, 3-septate, 0,016-23 mm. long, 0,005-8 mm. thick ; 
