464 LICHENACEI. [LECANORA. 
1874, p. 16; Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 274, is according to 
Wainio and Arnold a sterile and less developed state of this plant. 
A very distinct species which at first sight seems near L. oculata, but, 
as rightly conjectured by Nylander /. c., from sterile specimens, belonging 
to this section, The papille are scattered or here and there crowded, 
becoming at times entirely leprose. In the very few British specimens 
neither apothecia nor spermogones, the latter as yet unknown, are 
present. 
Hab. Overspreading decayed mosses on the ground in alpine places. 
—Distr. Very local and rare on one of the S. Grampians, Scotland.— 
B. M.: Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 
N. ‘Apothecia innate, lecanorine or rarely lecideine ; hypothecium 
usually colourless; spores 8ne or 6ne (rarely 4ne or 2na@), 
simple, colourless; hymenial gelatine variously tinged with 
iodine. Spermogones with simple sterigmata and acicular, 
straight or very rarely arcuate spermatia. (Aspicilia Mass. Rich. 
(1852) p. 36 pro parte.) . 
a. Gonidial system composed of ordinary eugonidia (Pachyospora 
Mass. Rich. (1852) p. 42 pro parte). 
159. L. Bockii Fr. fil. Bot. Not. 1867, p. 105.—Thallus inde- 
terminate, either minutely granulose with the granules variously 
subglobose, or plane and areolato-diffract, olive-brown or brownish- 
grey (K(CaCl) + reddish); hypothallus thin, black. Apothecia 
sessile, small, at length angular or lineari-compressed, black, the 
thalline margin entire; spores ellipsoid, 0,017-25 mm. long, 
0,011-15 mm, thick; paraphyses slender; epithecium and hypo- 
thecium brownish; hymenial gelatine tawny wine-red with iodine. 
—Cromb. Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 274.—Parmelia Bockii Rodig. ew Fr. 
Pl. Hom. (1825) p. 285. 
A rather singular plant of this section both as to thallus and apothecia. 
The subglobose verrucae are usually discrete, and when rubbed are more 
or less yellow-greenish at the apices. The apothecia are at length as if 
gyroso-plicate, whence Fries (Lich. Eur. p. 151) observed that, if normal, 
the plant would belong to a distinct genus. Its true systematic place, 
however, is shown by Nylander, Flora, 1876, p. 233 (efr. Flora, 1879, 
p. 204), s. n. Lecanora sophodopsis, under which synonym the first com- 
plete diagnosis is given. The British specimens in which neither the 
thallus nor apothecia are well developed belong to a form pauperata 
Nyl. 2m litt, The spermogones are here and there visible, with spermatia 
straight, 0,0045 mm. long, 0,0005 mm. thick. ; 
Hab. On schistose walls in an upland district.— Distr. Only sparingly 
in N.W. England; no doubt to be detected elsewhere.—B. M.: Near 
Staveley, Kendal, Westmoreland. 
160. L. superiuscula Nyl. Flora, 1879, p. 355.—Thallus inde- 
terminate, thin, squamuloso-areolate, greyish-brown or dark- 
brown ; squamules minute, scattered, applanate or slightly convex, 
