486 LICHENACEI, [LECANORA. 
191. L. smaragdula Nyl. Flora, 1872, p. 429.—Thallus squa- 
mulose, greenish or greenish-brown, the squamules plane or slightly 
convex, rounded, more or less discrete (K—, CaCl—). Apothecia 
minute, punctiform, immersed, solitary or several in each squamule, 
dark-brown ; spores about 0,003-4 mm. long, scarcely 0,001 mm. 
thick; hymenial gelatine pale blue, then tawny with iodine.— 
Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58.—Lecanora fuscata var. smaragdula 
Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 56. LZ. syuamulosa forma smaragdula Leight. 
Lich. Fl. p. 184, ed.3,p.169. Acarospora cervina 6. smaragdula et 
n. privigna Mudd, Man. p. 159. Endocarpon smaragdulum Wahl. in 
Ach, Meth. Suppl. (1803) p. 29; Hook. Fl. Scot.ii. p. 44; Sm. Eng. 
Fl. v. p. 158 ; Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 499; Leight. Angio. Lich. p. 16, 
t.4.f.3. Lichen smaragdulus Eng. Bot. t. 1512. Endocarpon rufo- 
virescens Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p.100.— Brit, Evs.: Leight. un. 271; 
Mudd, n. 132. 
Looks distinct but, as already intimated, probably descends from LZ. ru- 
Sescens, of which it would then be a subspecies characterized by the small, 
scattered squamules and the minute apothecia. The former, however, are 
at times more approximate and when much scattered are only sparingly 
fertile. 
Hab. On rocks and walls in maritime and upland districts — Distr. 
Rather local in Great Britain, rare in 8.W. Ireland and the Channel 
Islands—B.:M.: Island of Guernsey, Redruth, Cornwall; Wickwar, 
Gloucestershire ; Barmouth, Merioneth ; Howden Gill and near Ayton, 
Cleveland, Yorkshire; Teesdale, Durham; near Hexham, Northumber- 
land; near Kendal, Westmoreland. Barcaldine, Argyleshire; King’s 
Park, Stirling, Ben Lawers, Perthshire; S. of Bay of Nigg, Kincar- 
dineshire. Derriquin and Sybil Head, co. Kerry; near Kylemore, co. 
Galway. 
Form sinopica Nyl. ea Norrl. Not. Sallsk. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. 
Forh, t. xiii. (1873) p. 332.—Thallus areolato-squamulose, rusty- 
red. Apothecia black.—Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58.—Lecanora 
fuscata var. sinopica Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 56. ZL. squamulosa forma 
sinopica Leight. Lich. Fl. p. 184, ed. 3, p. 170. Acarospora cervina 
Z. simopica Mudd, Man. p. 160. Endocarpon sinopicum Wahl. in 
Ach. Meth. Suppl. (1803) p. 30; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 159; Gray, 
Nat. Arr. i. p. 499. #. smaragdulum . sinopicum Leight. Angio. 
Lich. p. 16, t. 5. £1. Lichen sinopicus Eng. Bot. t. 1776 (upper 
fig.). 
Differs merely in the colour of the more contiguous thallus and in the 
darker apothecia, which are more frequently solitary in the squamules. 
The ferruginous colour, as in other instances, is owing to suffusion from 
peroxide of iron. : 
Hab. On rocks and boulders, chiefly schistose, in mountainous regions, 
—Distr. Only in N. Wales and on the Scottish Grampians.— B. M. :; Dol- 
gelly, Merionethshire; Aber and Beddgelert, Carnarvonshire ; Island of 
Anglesea, Achrosagan Hill, Appin, Argyleshire ; Killin, Ben Lawers, 
and Ben Vrackie, Perthshire; Glen Cluny, Braemar, Aberdeenshire ; 
Glen Nevis, Inverness-shire, 
