488 LICHENACEL, [ LECANORA. 
ii, p. 125. Biatorella pruinosa Mudd, Man. p. 191, t. 3. fig. 74. 
Lichen pruinosus Sm. Eng. Bot. xxxii. (1811) t. 2244.—Brit. Hus. : 
Leight. n. 300; Mudd, n. 160. 
It is only occasionally that a thallus varying from whitish to dark 
greyish is distinctly visible, so that the plant is often described as ecrus- 
taceous. Were it not for the character of the spermogones it might 
readily be taken for a polyspored Zecidea. A state occasionally occurs on 
chalk pebbles in which the apothecia are much smaller and subimmersed 
as if calcivorous (var. immersa, Fr. Lich. Eur. p. 296). 
Hab. On calcareous rocks and mortar of walls from maritime to upland 
tracts.—Distr. General and common in Great Britain; probably also in 
Ireland.—B. M.: Shiere, Surrey; Lewes, Sussex; Shanklin, Isle of 
Wight; near Penzance, Cornwall; Cirencester, Gloucestershire; near 
Hereford ; near Malvern and Whittington, Worcestershire; Harboro’ 
Magna, Warwickshire; near Corwen, Merioneth; Bilsdale, Cleveland, 
Yorkshire; near Gainford, Durham; Leven’s Park, Westmoreland. 
Appin, Argyleshire ; King’s Park, Stirling ; Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, 
Perthshire ; near Aberdeen. Dunkathal, co. Cork. 
Form nuda Nyl. ev Lamy, Bull. Soc. Bot. t, xxv. (1878) p. 423. 
—Thallus little visible or entirely wanting. Apothecia small or 
moderate, reddish-brown, epruinose.—Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58. 
Differs merely in the constantly naked apothecia, which probably 
depends on habitat. ; 
Hab, On rocks, chiefly calcareous, rarely arenaceous, and mortar of 
walls in upland situations.—Distr, Only here and there in Great Britain ; 
but no doubt often overlooked.—B. M.: Egerton, Kent ; near Bovey 
Tracey, S. Devon ; Cirencester, Gloucestershire ; Malvern, Worcestershire. 
Appin, Argyleshire ; Ben Lawers and Craig Tulloch, Blair Athole, Perth- 
shire; Applecross, Ross-shire. 
Var. (3. albocincta Cromb.—Thallus obsolete. Apothecia thinly 
pruinose or naked, with a white pruinose epithalline margin ; other- 
wise as in the type. ok 
dé. 
Looks entirely lecanorine and as if the type of the species, but has no 
gonidia intruded in the spurious margin, which becomes evanescent in 
age. It is probably the plant referred to by Th. M. Fries in Lich. Scand. 
p. 407, s.n. Lecidea immersa var. 8. atrosanguinea Somm, Suppl. Fl. Lapp. 
p. 152; but as the latter J. ¢. says that the margin is “black,” I have 
named it as above. The apothecia in the two British specimens seen are 
here and there congregate when the epithalline margin is flexuose. 
Hab, On the mortar of a wall in an upland district. —Distr. Extremely 
local and scarce in W. England.—B. M: Mathon, Malvern Hills, Wor- 
cestershire. 
194. L. eucarpa Nyl. Not. Sallsk. pro F, et Fl. Fenn. Foérh. xi. 
(1871) p. 184.—Thallus absent or scarcely any visible. Apothecia 
large, lecideine, often aggregate, at first, concave then plane, black, 
. dark-reddish when moist, reddish within, the margin black, persistent; 
hypothecium thin, blackish-brown ; spores oblongo-ellipsoid, 0,004— 
5 mm. long, about 0,002 mm. thick ; hymenial gelatine deep-bluish 
with iodine.—Cromb. Grevillea, xix. p. 58.—Lecanora glaucocarpa 
